The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ claims:

       contiguous zone: 24 NM

       territorial sea: 12 NM

       continental shelf: natural prolongation

       exclusive economic zone: bilateral agreements or median lines in the

       Persian Gulf

      Climate:

       mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast

      Terrain:

       rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts,

       mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Caspian Sea −28 m

       highest point: Kuh-e Damavand 5,671 m

      Natural resources:

       petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead,

       manganese, zinc, sulfur

      Land use: arable land: 10.17% permanent crops: 1.16% other: 88.67% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land:

       75,620 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes

       along western border and in the northeast

      Environment - current issues:

       air pollution, especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions,

       refinery operations, and industrial effluents; deforestation;

       overgrazing; desertification; oil pollution in the Persian Gulf;

       wetland losses from drought; soil degradation (salination);

       inadequate supplies of potable water; water pollution from raw

       sewage and industrial waste; urbanization

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered

       Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone

       Layer Protection, Wetlands

       signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the

       Sea, Marine Life Conservation

      Geography - note:

       strategic location on the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, which

       are vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport

      People Iran

      Population:

       68,278,826 (July 2003 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 29.3% (male 10,279,588; female 9,727,668)

       15–64 years: 65.9% (male 22,916,431; female 22,095,124)

       65 years and over: 4.8% (male 1,625,113; female 1,634,902) (2003

       est.)

      Median age:

       total: 22.9 years

       male: 22.7 years

       female: 23.2 years (2002)

      Population growth rate:

       1.08% (2003 est.)

      Birth rate:

       17.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Death rate:

       5.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       −0.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 44.17 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 44.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)

       male: 44.31 deaths/1,000 live births

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 69.35 years

       male: 68.04 years

       female: 70.73 years (2003 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       1.99 children born/woman (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       less than 0.1% (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       20,000 (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       290 (2001 est.)

      Nationality:

       noun: Iranian(s)

       adjective: Iranian

      Ethnic groups:

       Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%, Arab

       3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1%

      Religions:

       Shi'a Muslim 89%, Sunni Muslim 10%, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian,

       and Baha'i 1%

      Languages:

       Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%,

       Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 79.4%

       male: 85.6%

       female: 73% (2003 СКАЧАТЬ