The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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      Diplomatic representation from the US:

       none; note - protecting power in Iran is Switzerland

      Flag description:

       three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red; the

       national emblem (a stylized representation of the word Allah in the

       shape of a tulip, a symbol of martyrdom) in red is centered in the

       white band; ALLAH AKBAR (God is Great) in white Arabic script is

       repeated 11 times along the bottom edge of the green band and 11

       times along the top edge of the red band

      Economy Iran

      Economy - overview:

       Iran's economy is a mixture of central planning, state ownership of

       oil and other large enterprises, village agriculture, and

       small-scale private trading and service ventures. President KHATAMI

       has continued to follow the market reform plans of former President

       RAFSANJANI and has indicated that he will pursue diversification of

       Iran's oil-reliant economy although he has made little progress

       toward that goal. Relatively high oil prices in recent years have

       enabled Iran to amass some $15 billion in foreign exchange reserves,

       but have not solved Iran's structural economic problems, including

       high unemployment and inflation.

      GDP:

       purchasing power parity - $458.3 billion (2002 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

       7.6% (2002 est.)

      GDP - per capita:

       purchasing power parity - $6,800 (2002 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 19% industry: 26% services: 55% (2002 est.)

      Population below poverty line:

       40% (2002 est.)

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

       lowest 10%: NA%

       highest 10%: NA%

      Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       15.3% (2002 est.)

      Labor force: 21 million note: shortage of skilled labor (1998)

      Labor force - by occupation:

       agriculture 30%, industry 25%, services 45% (2001 est.)

      Unemployment rate:

       16.3% (2003 est.)

      Budget:

       revenues: $29.5 billion

       expenditures: $31.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA

       (2002 est.)

      Industries:

       petroleum, petrochemicals, textiles, cement and other construction

       materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and

       vegetable oil production), metal fabricating, armaments

      Industrial production growth rate:

       5.5% excluding oil (2001 est.)

      Electricity - production:

       124.6 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 97.1% hydro: 2.9% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0%

      Electricity - consumption:

       115.9 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - exports:

       0 kWh (2001)

      Electricity - imports:

       0 kWh (2001)

      Oil - production:

       3.804 million bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

       1.277 million bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - exports:

       NA (2001)

      Oil - imports:

       NA (2001)

      Oil - proved reserves:

       94.39 billion bbl (37257)

      Natural gas - production:

       61.5 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

       65.59 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

       110 million cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

       4.2 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - proved reserves:

       24.8 trillion cu m (37257)

      Agriculture - products: wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, fruits, nuts, cotton; dairy products, wool; caviar

      Exports:

       $24.8 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)

      Exports - commodities:

       petroleum 85%, carpets, fruits and nuts, iron and steel, chemicals

      Exports - partners:

       Japan 17.4%, China 8.6%, UAE 7.6%, Italy 6.6%, South Korea 4.9%,

       South Africa 4.4% (2002)

      Imports:

       $21.8 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)

      Imports - commodities:

       industrial raw materials and intermediate goods, capital goods,

       foodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services, military

       supplies

      Imports - partners:

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