The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

      Languages:

       Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English,

       Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 88.5%

       male: 92.9%

       female: 84.1% (2003 est.)

      Government Indonesia

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Republic of Indonesia

       conventional short form: Indonesia

       local long form: Republik Indonesia

       former: Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies

       local short form: Indonesia

      Government type:

       republic

      Capital:

       Jakarta

      Administrative divisions:

       27 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2 special

       regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1

       special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*,

       Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa

       Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan

       Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Bangka

       Belitung, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa

       Tenggara Timur, Papua, Riau, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah,

       Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan,

       Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*; note - with the implementation of

       decentralization on 1 January 2001, the 357 districts (regencies)

       have become the key administrative units responsible for providing

       most government services

       note: following the 30 August 1999 provincial referendum for

       independence that was overwhelmingly approved by the people of Timor

       Timur and the October 1999 concurrence of Indonesia's national

       legislature, the name East Timor was adopted as the provisional name

       for the political entity formerly known as Propinsi Timor Timur;

       East Timor gained its formal independence on 20 May 2002

      Independence:

       17 August 1945 (proclaimed independence; on 27 December 1949,

       Indonesia became legally independent from the Netherlands)

      National holiday:

       Independence Day, 17 August (1945)

      Constitution:

       August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and

       Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959

      Legal system:

       based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by indigenous

       concepts and by new criminal procedures code; has not accepted

       compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage:

       17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri (since 23 July

       2001) and Vice President Hamzah HAZ (since 26 July 2001); note - the

       president is both the chief of state and head of government

       head of government: President MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri (since 23 July

       2001) and Vice President Hamzah HAZ (since 26 July 2001); note - the

       president is both the chief of state and head of government

       cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president

       elections: president and vice president elected separately by the

       People's Consultative Assembly or MPR for five-year terms; selection

       of president last held 23 July 2001; selection of vice president

       last held 26 July 2001; next election to be held in July 2004; in

       accordance with constitutional changes, the election of the

       president and vice president will be by direct vote of the citizenry

       note: the People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan

       Rakyat or MPR) includes the House of Representatives (Dewan

       Perwakilan Rakyat or DPR) plus 195 indirectly selected members; it

       meets every five years to elect the president and vice president and

       to approve broad outlines of national policy and also has yearly

       meetings to consider constitutional and legislative changes;

       constitutional amendments adopted in 2001 and 2002 provide for the

       MPR to be restructured in 2004 and to consist entirely of

       popularly-elected members who will be in the DPR and the new House

       of Regional Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah or DPD); the

       MPR will no longer formulate national policy

       election results: MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri elected president, receiving

       591 votes in favor (91 abstentions); Hamzah HAZ elected vice

       president, receiving 340 votes in favor (237 against)

      Legislative branch:

       unicameral House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat

       (DPR) (500 seats; 462 elected by popular vote, 38 are appointed

       military representatives until 2004 election when military seats

СКАЧАТЬ