The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ 81.7% hydro: 14.5% other: 0.3% (2001) nuclear: 3.4%

      Electricity - consumption:

       497.2 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - exports:

       321 million kWh (2001)

      Electricity - imports:

       1.54 billion kWh (2001)

      Oil - production:

       732,400 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

       2.13 million bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - exports:

       NA (2001)

      Oil - imports:

       NA (2001)

      Oil - proved reserves:

       4.33 billion bbl (37257)

      Natural gas - production:

       22.75 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

       22.75 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - proved reserves:

       542.4 billion cu m (37257)

      Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish

      Exports: $44.5 billion f.o.b. (2001)

      Exports - commodities:

       textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals,

       leather manufactures

      Exports - partners:

       US 22.5%, UK 5.1%, UAE 5.1%, Hong Kong 4.5%, Germany 4.3%, China

       4.1% (2002)

      Imports:

       $53.8 billion f.o.b. (2001)

      Imports - commodities:

       crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals

      Imports - partners:

       US 7.1%, Belgium 6.7%, China 4.6%, Singapore 4.6%, UK 4.6% (2002)

      Debt - external:

       $100.6 billion (2001 est.)

      Economic aid - recipient:

       $2.9 billion (FY 98/99)

      Currency:

       Indian rupee (INR)

      Currency code:

       INR

      Exchange rates:

       Indian rupees per US dollar - 48.61 (2002), 47.19 (2001), 44.94

       (2000), 43.06 (1999), 41.26 (1998)

      Fiscal year:

       1 April - 31 March

      Communications India

      Telephones - main lines in use:

       27.7 million (October 2000)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

       2.93 million (November 2000)

      Telephone system:

       general assessment: mediocre service; local and long distance

       service provided throughout all regions of the country, with

       services primarily concentrated in the urban areas; major objective

       is to continue to expand and modernize long-distance network to keep

       pace with rapidly growing number of local subscriber lines; steady

       improvement is taking place with the recent admission of private and

       private-public investors, but, with telephone density at about two

       for each 100 persons and a waiting list of over 2 million, demand

       for main line telephone service will not be satisfied for a very

       long time

       domestic: local service is provided by microwave radio relay and

       coaxial cable, with open wire and obsolete electromechanical and

       manual switchboard systems still in use in rural areas; starting in

       the 1980s, a substantial amount of digital switch gear has been

       introduced for local and long-distance service; long-distance

       traffic is carried mostly by coaxial cable and low-capacity

       microwave radio relay; since 1985 significant trunk capacity has

       been added in the form of fiber-optic cable and a domestic satellite

       system with 254 earth stations; mobile cellular service is provided

       in four metropolitan cities

       international: satellite earth stations - 8 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)

       and 1 Inmarsat (Indian Ocean region); nine gateway exchanges

       operating from Mumbai (Bombay), New Delhi, Kolkata (Calcutta),

       Chennai (Madras), Jalandhar, Kanpur, Gaidhinagar, Hyderabad, and

       Ernakulam; 4 submarine cables - LOCOM linking Chennai (Madras) to

       Penang; Indo-UAE-Gulf cable linking Mumbai (Bombay) to Al Fujayrah,

       UAE; India-SEA-ME-WE-3, SEA-ME-WE-2 with landing sites at Cochin and

       Mumbai (Bombay); Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG) with

       landing site at Mumbai (Bombay) (2000)

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 153, FM 91, shortwave 68 (1998)

      Radios:

       116 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 562 (of which 82 stations have 1 kW or greater power and 480 СКАЧАТЬ