The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ broadcast stations:

       AM 3, FM about 70 (including repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998)

      Radios:

       260,000 (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

       14 (plus 156 low-power repeaters) (1997)

      Televisions:

       98,000 (1997)

      Internet country code:

       .is

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       20 (2001)

      Internet users:

       220,000 (2002)

      Transportation Iceland

      Railways:

       0 km

      Highways:

       total: 12,955 km

       paved/oiled gravel: 3,863 km

       unpaved: 9,092 km (2003)

      Waterways:

       none

      Ports and harbors:

       Akureyri, Hornafjordhur, Isafjordhur, Keflavik, Raufarhofn,

       Reykjavik, Seydhisfjordhur, Straumsvik, Vesttmannaeyjar

      Merchant marine:

       total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,500 GRT/5,000 DWT

       ships by type: chemical tanker 1 (2002 est.)

      Airports:

       86 (2002)

      Airports - with paved runways:

       total: 13

       over 3,047 m: 1

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 4

       914 to 1,523 m: 8 (2002)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

       total: 73

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 3

       914 to 1,523 m: 21

       under 914 m: 49 (2002)

      Military Iceland

      Military branches:

       no regular armed forces; Police, Coast Guard

      Military manpower - availability:

       males age 15–49: 71,157 (2003 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 62,552 (2003 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $0

      Military - note:

       defense is provided by the US-manned Icelandic Defense Force (IDF)

       headquartered at Keflavik

      Transnational Issues Iceland

      Disputes - international:

       Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Denmark, Iceland, and

       the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the

       Rockall area); dispute with Denmark over the Faroe Islands'

       fisheries median line boundary within 200 NM; disputes with Denmark,

       the UK, and Ireland over the Faroe Islands continental shelf

       boundary outside 200 NM

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

      ======================================================================

      @India

      Introduction India

      Background:

       The Indus Valley civilization, one of the oldest in the world, goes

       back at least 5,000 years. Aryan tribes from the northwest invaded

       about 1500 B.C.; their merger with the earlier inhabitants created

       the classical Indian culture. Arab incursions starting in the 8th

       century and Turkish in 12th were followed by European traders,

       beginning in the late 15th century. By the 19th century, Britain had

       assumed political control of virtually all Indian lands. Nonviolent

       resistance to British colonialism under Mohandas GANDHI and

       Jawaharlal NEHRU led to independence in 1947. The subcontinent was

       divided into the secular state of India and the smaller Muslim state

       of Pakistan. A third war between the two countries in 1971 resulted

       in East Pakistan becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh.

       Fundamental concerns in India include the ongoing dispute with

       Pakistan over Kashmir, massive overpopulation, environmental

       degradation, extensive poverty, and ethnic and religious strife, all

       this despite impressive gains in economic investment and output.

      Geography India

      Location:

       Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal,

       between Burma and Pakistan

      Geographic coordinates:

       20 00 N, 77 00 E

      Map references:

       Asia

      Area:

       total: 3,287,590 sq km

       land: 2,973,190 sq km

       water: 314,400 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly more than one-third the size of the US

      Land boundaries:

       total: 14,103 km

       СКАЧАТЬ