Continuing Korean. Ross King

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СКАЧАТЬ Let’s trade seats. 뵈w- humbly see or meet; have an audience/interview with. Note that the spelling of this verb is irregular: 봬도 or 뵈어도 for expected *뵈워도，뵐 for expected 뵈울， etc. 처음 뵙겠습니다. How do you do [on being introduced]. 그럼，내일 뵐게요. See you tomorrow, then. 야단(을) 맞- be/get scolded [for “from” use 한테] 야단(을) 치- scold, give a scolding to [use 한테 or 을 ~ 를 ] 어울리 - spend time with [= 하고], hang around with, associate with 외우- memorize it 단어를 외우고 있어요. I’m memorizing words. 찾아가- call on; visit, go calling on 찾아뵈w- call on sb. esteemed; visit, come calling on sb. esteemed 만나뵈w- meet [with] sb. esteemed; see sb. esteemed 찾아오- call on; visit, come calling on Descriptive and/or Sensory Verbs 기-ㄹ- be long 가난하- be poor, indigent 따뜻하- be warm 오늘은 따뜻하고 좋아요. Today is nice and warm. 무더w- be hot and muggy 복잡하- be complicated; crowded 이 문제는 참 복잡해요. This problem is really complicated. 어제는 지하철이 아주 복잡했어요. Yesterday the subway was very crowded. 불쌍하- be pitiful; “poor thing” 쌀쌀하- be cool, chilly 유명하- be famous 이르- be early 조용하- be quiet 조용히 quietly 조용히 하세요! Please be quiet! 짧- be short 편찮으시- be ill, not well (honorific) 흐리- be cloudy, overcast 날이 흐려요. It is overcast. Intransitive Verbs (Processive Verbs That Cannot Take Objects) 들르- drop in, drop by 내일 1시쯤에 사무실에 좀 들러 볼래요? Would you mind stopping by the office tomorrow around 1 o’clock? 없어지- disappear

      Lesson Notes

      18.1. Uses of the Infinitive V: with 야 Only if

      To express obligation—have to, must, should, ought to—you use an infinitive for the main verb, and attach to it the particle 야 only if plus a form of 하 or 되- becomes; -어야 해요 or -어야 돼요 gives the meaning of have to to the main verb. Literally, the pattern means only if (someone) VERBs will it do or become, but in practice this is merely the normal Korean way of saying that someone is compelled or has to do something.

1.	오늘 저녁에 친구를 만나야 해요. I have to meet a friend this evening.
2.	이 구두를 바꿔야 하겠어요. I’ll have to exchange these shoes.
3.	교회 안에서는 조용히 해야 돼요. You have to be quiet inside the church.
4.	머리가 너무 길어서 이발을 해야겠습니다. My hair is so long I’ll have to get a haircut.
Occasionally -어야 is followed by some verb other than the auxiliary 해요.
5.	1,000원이 있어야 들어가요. You have to have 1000 wǒn to get in. (lit.: Only if you have 1000 wǒn do you go in).
6.	선생님께 여쭤 봐야 알아요. We will only find out by asking the teacher. or We won’t find out unless we ask the teacher.

      Be careful about trying to use negatives for this type of expression. The genuine opposite of these, in English, is doesn’t have to; needs not. But the Korean opposites are made by an altogether different construction, discussed in Section 18.2.4.

      Must not—which appears on the surface to be the negative of has to—is actually a denial of permission; it is the opposite of may, which gives permission. The denial of permission, again, is an entirely different Korean construction that will be taken up later.

      Here are some more examples of -어야.

7.	오늘 밤까지는 이 과를 마쳐야 해요. I must finish this lesson by tonight.
8.	나는 오후 5시까지는 약국에 들러야 해요. I have to drop by the pharmacy by 5 pm.
9.	내일 선배 한 분을 찾아 가야 해요. I have to look up one of my seniors tomorrow.
10.	보증금을 따로 내야 합니다. You have to pay a deposit separately.
11.	고기는 그 가게에 아침 일찍 가야 사요. You’ll get meat only by going to that shop early in the morning.

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