Continuing Korean. Ross King

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СКАЧАТЬ 우리 아이를 좀 봐 주고 있어요. The lady next door is looking (after) my child for me. 39. 어머니께 결혼 사진을 보여 드렸어요? Did you show Mother the wedding photos? 40. 할아버님께 선물을 부쳐 드렸어요. I sent Grandfather a present. 41. 힘드시지요? 그럼 제가 도와 드릴게요. > That task is difficult, isn’t it? Then let me help you. 42. 잠깐 기다려 주시겠어요? Will you wait for me a moment, please? 43. 와 주셔서 감사합니다. Thanks for coming.

      17.5. Verbs: Nominalizer Form -기

      The one-shape nominalizer ending -기 is attached to bases in exactly the same way as is the -고 form (see sections 9.5. and 16.1.) Thus, L-extending verbs attach in their extended form: 파-ᄅ- → 팔기 sell, etc. You can make past forms by attaching it to past bases, and future forms by attaching it to future bases.

Base Type	Nominalizer	Pronunciation
Present/Plain	하기
Past	했기	해끼
Future	하겠기	하게끼

      The resulting forms are nounlike words; they mean the act of doing if processive, and the state of being if descriptive. Past forms mean the act of having done, the state of having been; and future forms mean the act of going-to-do, the state of going-to-be. Sometimes the forms translate to do/to be.

      These nounlike forms are used in all of the four positions that regular nouns are used in—most commonly these three:

a.	Followed by a particle
b.	Modifying a following noun
c.	In absolute (adverbial) position—in constructions where a particle has optionally been dropped
It is rarer to find a -기 form in the remaining noun use.
d.	Before the copula

44.	이렇게 하기예요. (It is [a matter of ] doing it this way=) Let’s decide to do it this way.

      Nominalizer forms enable you to take an entire sentence; convert it into one big noun; and then use this noun as the subject, object, or some other part of a larger sentence.

      -기-Conversion

45.	여행을 해요. I travel. → 〔여행을 하-기〕NOUN
Incorporation of -기-Form into Larger Sentence
46.	〔여행(을) 하기〕를 싫어해요. I hate to travel.
Sentence (42) neatly contains two direct objects: one within the -기 clause, and one that is the -기 clause itself. You can, of course, drop either particle 을 ~ 를 — or both of them.
47.	a.〔여행을 하기〕를 싫어해요.
	b.〔여행을 하기〕 싫어해요.
	c.〔여행 하기〕 싫어해요.
Another example:
48.	가수가 나오기를 기다리고 있었어요. We were waiting for the pop star to appear.

      17.6. Other Nounlike Uses of -기 Forms

      Observe the following examples.

49.	모든 것을 다 잘하기(가) 어려워요. It’s hard to do everything well.
50.	공부만 하기가 재미없잖아요? It’s no fun to do nothing but study, don’t you think?
51.	수영하기를 좋아하세요? Do you like swimming?
52.	밖에서 놀기가 참 좋아요. It’s very nice to play outside, or I really like playing outside.
53.	혼자서 술 마시기를 싫어해요. He hates drinking alone.

      In each of these six sentences, a -기 form appears as subject or object, and in each case, the subject or object particle (as usual) is optional, so the -기 form without the particle is left in an absolute, or adverbial, construction.

      Note that the class of verbs that can pattern with - 기 in this way is limited; one cannot, for example, say:

54.	*이 김치는 먹기가 너무 매워요. This kimchee is too hot to eat.

      Of the verbs learned so far in this course, the following are compatible with this pattern.

재미(가) 있-/없	귀찮-
좋-	싫-
쉬w-	어려w-
힘(이)드-ᄅ-	어때요?

      Thus, all are descriptive verbs, and (with the exception of 어때요) all are sensory verbs that participate in the -어해요 pattern for third persons. But it is not the case that all sensory verbs can be used this way, so be wary of trying out new verbs until you have heard them from a Korean yourself.

      Here are some more examples of this kind of sentence.

СКАЧАТЬ

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55.	한국말 배우기(가) 쉬워요? Is it easy to learn Korean?
56.	한국말 배우기(가) 어렵지요? It’s difficult to learn Korean, isn’t it?
57.	책을 읽기(가) 재미있어요. It’s fun to read books.
58.