The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ other: 42.86% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       590,000 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       droughts; flash floods, as well as widespread and destructive

       flooding from monsoonal rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes

      Environment - current issues:

       deforestation; soil erosion; overgrazing; desertification; air

       pollution from industrial effluents and vehicle emissions; water

       pollution from raw sewage and runoff of agricultural pesticides; tap

       water is not potable throughout the country; huge and growing

       population is overstraining natural resources

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living

       Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate

       Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species,

       Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone

       Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical

       Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

       dominates South Asian subcontinent; near important Indian Ocean

       trade routes

      People India

      Population:

       1,080,264,388 (July 2005 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 31.2% (male 173,634,432/female 163,932,475)

       15–64 years: 63.9% (male 356,932,082/female 333,283,590)

       65 years and over: 4.9% (male 26,542,025/female 25,939,784) (2005

       est.)

      Median age:

       total: 24.66 years

       male: 24.64 years

       female: 24.67 years (2005 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       1.4% (2005 est.)

      Birth rate:

       22.32 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Death rate:

       8.28 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       −0.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2005 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 56.29 deaths/1,000 live births

       male: 56.86 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 55.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 64.35 years

       male: 63.57 years

       female: 65.16 years (2005 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       2.78 children born/woman (2005 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       0.9% (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       5.1 million (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       310,000 (2001 est.)

      Major infectious diseases:

       degree of risk: high

       food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E,

       and typhoid fever

       vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and Japanese

       encephalitis are high risks in some locations

       animal contact disease: rabies (2004)

      Nationality:

       noun: Indian(s)

       adjective: Indian

      Ethnic groups:

       Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)

      Religions:

       Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%,

       unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)

      Languages:

       English enjoys associate status but is the most important language

       for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the

       national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are

       14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu,

       Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri,

       Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu

       spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official

       language

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 59.5%

       male: 70.2%

       female: 48.3% (2003 est.)

      Government India

      Country name:

       СКАЧАТЬ