The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ conventional long form: Republic of India

       conventional short form: India

      Government type:

       federal republic

      Capital:

       New Delhi

      Administrative divisions:

       28 states and 7 union territories*; Andaman and Nicobar Islands*,

       Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh*,

       Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli*, Daman and Diu*, Delhi*, Goa,

       Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand,

       Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep*, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra,

       Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Pondicherry*, Punjab,

       Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh,

       West Bengal

      Independence:

       15 August 1947 (from UK)

      National holiday:

       Republic Day, 26 January (1950)

      Constitution:

       26 January 1950; amended many times

      Legal system:

       based on English common law; limited judicial review of legislative

       acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations;

       separate personal law codes apply to Muslims, Christians, and Hindus

      Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President A.P.J. Abdul KALAM (since 26 July 2002);

       Vice President Bhairon Singh SHEKHAWAT (since 19 August 2002)

       head of government: Prime Minister Manmohan SINGH (since NA May 2004)

       cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the

       recommendation of the prime minister

       elections: president elected by an electoral college consisting of

       elected members of both houses of Parliament and the legislatures of

       the states for a five-year term; election last held July 2002 (next

       to be held 18 July 2007); vice president elected by both houses of

       Parliament for a five-year term; election last held 12 August 2002

       (next to be held August 2007); prime minister chosen by

       parliamentary members of the majority party following legislative

       elections; election last held April - May 2004 (next to be held May

       2009)

       election results: Abdul KALAM elected president; percent of

       electoral college vote - 89.6%; Bhairon Singh SHEKHAWAT elected vice

       president; percent of Parliament vote - 59.8%

      Legislative branch:

       bicameral Parliament or Sansad consists of the Council of States or

       Rajya Sabha (a body consisting of not more than 250 members, up to

       12 of whom are appointed by the president, the remainder are chosen

       by the elected members of the state and territorial assemblies;

       members serve six-year terms) and the People's Assembly or Lok Sabha

       (545 seats; 543 elected by popular vote, 2 appointed by the

       president; members serve five-year terms)

       elections: People's Assembly - last held 20 April through 10 May

       2004 (next to be held 2009)

       election results: People's Assembly - percent of vote by party -

       NA%; seats by party - INC 145, BJP 138, CPI(M) 43, SP 36, RJD 24,

       BSP 19, DMK 16, SS 12, BJD 11, CPI 10, NCP 9, JDU 8, SAD 8, PMK 6,

       TDP 5, TRS 5, JMM 5, LJSP 4, MDMK 4, independents 5, other 30

      Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president and remain in

       office until they reach the age of 65)

      Political parties and leaders:

       All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or AIADMK [C. Jayalalitha

       JAYARAM]; All India Forward Bloc or AIFB, [Debabrata BISWAS]; Asom

       Gana Parishad [Brindaban GOSWAMI]; Bahujan Samaj Party or BSP

       [MAYAWATI]; Bharatiya Janata Party or BJP [Lal Krishna ADVANI]; Biju

       Janata Dal or BJD [Naveen PATNAIK]; Communist Party of India or CPI

       [Ardhendu Bhushan BARDHAN]; Communist Party of India (Marxist) or

       CPI (M) Hakishan Singh SURJEET]; Congress (I) Party [Sonia GANDHI];

       Dravida Munnetra Kazagham or DMK (a regional party in Tamil Nadu)

       [M. KARUNANIDHI]; Indian National Congress or INC [Sonia GANDHI];

       Indian National League [Suliaman SAITH]; Janata Dal (Secular) [H. D.

       Deve GOWDA]; Janata Dal (United) or JDU [Sharad YADAV]; Jharkhand

       Mukti Morcha or JMM [leader NA]; Kerala Congress (Mani faction) [K.

       M. MANI]; Lok Jan Shakti Party or LJSP [leader NA]; Marumalarchi

       Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or MDMK [VAIKO]; Muslim League [G. M.

       BANATWALA]; Nationalist Congress Party or NCP [Sharad PAWAR];

       Pattali Makkal Katchi or PMK [leader NA]; Rashtriya Janata Dal or

       RJD [Laloo Prasad YADAV]; Revolutionary Socialist Party or RSP

       [Abani ROY]; Samajwadi Party or SP [Mulayam Singh YADAV]; Shiromani

       Akali Dal or SAD [G. S. TOHRA]; Shiv Sena or SS [Bal THACKERAY];

       Tamil Maanila Congress [G. K. VASAN]; Telangana Rashtra Samithi or

       TRS [leader NA]; Telugu Desam Party or СКАЧАТЬ