The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ four powers formally relinquished rights 15 March 1991

      National holiday:

       Unity Day, 3 October (1990)

      Constitution:

       23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united

       German people 3 October 1990

      Legal system:

       civil law system with indigenous concepts; judicial review of

       legislative acts in the Federal Constitutional Court; has not

       accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Horst KOEHLER (since 1 July 2004)

       elections: president elected for a five-year term by a Federal

       Convention including all members of the Federal Assembly and an

       equal number of delegates elected by the state parliaments; election

       last held 23 May 2004 (next to be held 23 May 2009); chancellor

       elected by an absolute majority of the Federal Assembly for a

       four-year term; election last held 22 September 2002 (next to be

       held September 2006)

       head of government: Chancellor Gerhard SCHROEDER (since 27 October

       1998); Vice Chancellor Joschka FISCHER (since 17 October 1998)

       cabinet: Cabinet or Bundesminister (Federal Ministers) appointed by

       the president on the recommendation of the chancellor

       election results: Horst KOEHLER elected president; received 604

       votes of the Federal Convention against 589 for Gesine SCHWAN;

       Gerhard SCHROEDER elected chancellor; percent of Federal Assembly

       vote 50.7%

      Legislative branch:

       bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Federal Assembly

       or Bundestag (603 seats; elected by popular vote under a system

       combining direct and proportional representation; a party must win

       5% of the national vote or three direct mandates to gain

       representation; members serve four-year terms) and the Federal

       Council or Bundesrat (69 votes; state governments are directly

       represented by votes; each has 3 to 6 votes depending on population

       and are required to vote as a block)

       elections: Federal Assembly - last held 22 September 2002 (next to

       be held NA September 2006); note - there are no elections for the

       Bundesrat; composition is determined by the composition of the

       state-level governments; the composition of the Bundesrat has the

       potential to change any time one of the 16 states holds an election

       election results: Federal Assembly - percent of vote by party - SPD

       38.5%, CDU/CSU 38.5%, Alliance '90/Greens 8.6%, FDP 7.4%, PDS 4%;

       seats by party - SPD 251, CDU/CSU 248, Alliance '90/Greens 55, FDP

       47, PDS 2; Federal Council - current composition - NA

      Judicial branch:

       Federal Constitutional Court or Bundesverfassungsgericht (half the

       judges are elected by the Bundestag and half by the Bundesrat)

      Political parties and leaders:

       Alliance '90/Greens [Angelika BEER and Reinhard BUETIKOFER];

       Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Angela MERKEL]; Christian Social

       Union or CSU [Edmund STOIBER, chairman]; Free Democratic Party or

       FDP [Guido WESTERWELLE, chairman]; Party of Democratic Socialism or

       PDS [Lothar BISKY]; Social Democratic Party or SPD [Franz

       MUENTEFERING]

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

       business associations, employers' organizations; expellee, refugee,

       trade unions, and veterans groups

      International organization participation:

       AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CDB, CE,

       CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 5, G- 7, G- 8, G-10,

       IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC,

       IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM

       (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris

       Club, PCA, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK,

       UNMOVIC, UNOMIG, UPU, WADB (nonregional), WCO, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,

       WToO, WTO, ZC

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Wolfgang Friedrich ISCHINGER consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco FAX: [1] (202) 298–4249 telephone: [1] (202) 298–8140 chancery: 4645 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007

      Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Daniel R. COATS embassy: Neustaedtische Kirchstrasse 4–5, 10117 Berlin; note - a new embassy will be built near the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin; ground was broken in October 2004 and completion is scheduled for 2008 mailing address: PSC 120, Box 1000, APO AE 09265 telephone: [49] (030) 8305–0 FAX: [49] (030) 8305–1215 consulate(s) general: Duesseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, Hamburg, Leipzig, Munich

      Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and gold

      Economy Germany

      Economy - overview:

       Germany's affluent and technologically powerful economy- the fifth

       largest national economy in the world - has become one of the

       slowest growing economies in the entire euro zone, and a quick

       turnaround is not in the offing in the СКАЧАТЬ