The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 12.37 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 72.27 years male: 68.72 years female: 76.03 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 1.23 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Bulgarian(s) adjective: Bulgarian

      Ethnic groups: Bulgarian 85%, Turk 9%, other 6%

      Religions: Bulgarian Orthodox 85%, Muslim 13%, Jewish 0.8%, Roman Catholic 0.5%, Uniate Catholic 0.2%, Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other 0.5%

      Languages: Bulgarian, secondary languages closely correspond to

       ethnic breakdown

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 98%

       male: 99%

       female: 97% (1992 est.)

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Republic of Bulgaria

       conventional short form: Bulgaria

      Data code: BU

      Government type: republic

      Capital: Sofia

      Administrative divisions: 9 provinces (oblasti, singular—oblast);

       Burgas, Grad Sofiya, Khaskovo, Lovech, Montana, Plovdiv, Ruse,

       Sofiya, Varna

      Independence: 22 September 1908 (from Ottoman Empire)

      National holiday: Independence Day, 3 March (1878)

      Constitution: adopted 12 July 1991

      Legal system: civil law and criminal law based on Roman law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Petar STOYANOV (since 22 January 1997);

       Vice President Todor KAVALDZHIEV (since 22 January 1997)

       head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime

       Minister) Ivan Kostov (since 19 May 1997); Deputy Prime Ministers

       Aleksandur BOZHKOV (since 12 February 1997), Evgeniy BAKURDZHIEV

       (since 21 May 1997), Veselin METODIEV (since 21 May 1997)

       cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the National Assembly

       elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket

       by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 27 October

       and 3 November 1996 (next to be held NA 2001); chairman of the

       Council of Ministers (prime minister) nominated by the president;

       deputy prime ministers nominated by the prime minister

       election results: Petar STOYANOV elected president; percent of

       vote—Petar STOYANOV 59.73%

      Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly or Narodno

       Sobranie (240 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve

       four-year terms)

       elections: last held 19 April 1997 (next to be held NA 2001)

       election results: percent of vote by party—UDF 52%, BSP 22%, ANS 7%,

       Euro-left 5.5%, BBB 4.95%; seats by party—UDF 137, BSP 58, ANS 19,

       Euro-left 14, BBB 12

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court, chairman appointed for a

       seven-year term by the president; Constitutional Court, 12 justices

       appointed or elected for nine-year terms

      Political parties and leaders: Bulgarian Socialist Party or BSP

       (coalition led mainly by Movement for Rights and Freedoms or DPS

       cochairmen]

      Political pressure groups and leaders: Democratic Alliance for

       the Republic or DAR; New Union for Democracy or NUD; Podkrepa Labor

       Confederation; Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria

       or CITUB; Bulgarian Agrarian National Union—United or BZNS;

       Bulgarian Democratic Center; "Nikola Petkov" Bulgarian Agrarian

       National Union; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization or

       IMRO; agrarian movement; numerous regional, ethnic, and national

       interest groups with various agendas

      International organization participation: ACCT, BIS, BSEC, CCC,

       CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD,

       ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member),

       ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU,

       MONUA, NAM (guest), NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO,

       UNIDO, UNMIBH, UNMOP, UPU, WEU (associate partner), WFTU, WHO, WIPO,

       WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Philip DIMITROV chancery: 1621 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 consulate(s): New York

      Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Avis T. BOHLEN embassy: 1 Saborna Street, Sofia mailing address: American Embassy Sofia, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521–5740

      Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of white (top), green, and red; the national emblem formerly on the hoist side of the white stripe has been removed—it contained a rampant lion within a wreath of wheat ears below a red five-pointed star and above a ribbon bearing the dates 681 (first Bulgarian state established) and 1944 (liberation from Nazi control)

      Economy

      Economy—overview: In April 1997, the current ruling Union of Democratic Forces (UDF) government won pre-term parliamentary elections and introduced an IMF currency board system which succeeded in stabilizing the economy. The triple digit inflation of 1996 СКАЧАТЬ