The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ chief of mission: Ambassador Glen Robert RASE

       embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri

       Begawan

       mailing address: PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96534–0001

      Flag description: yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top,

       almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side;

       the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem

       includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an

       upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands

      Economy

      Economy—overview: This small, wealthy economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation and welfare measures, and village tradition. It is almost totally supported by exports of crude oil and natural gas, with revenues from the petroleum sector accounting for over half of GDP. Per capita GDP is far above most other Third World countries, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and subsidizes food and housing. The government is beginning to show progress on its basic policy of diversifying the economy away from oil and gas. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion. Because of low world oil prices and the Asian crisis, growth in 1999 is expected to be moderate.

      GDP: purchasing power parity—$5.4 billion (1998 est.)

      GDP—real growth rate: −1% (1998 est.)

      GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity?$17,000 (1998 est.)

      GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 5% industry: 46% services: 49% (1996 est.)

      Population below poverty line: NA%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

       lowest 10%: NA%

       highest 10%: NA%

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2% (1997 est.)

      Labor force: 144,000 (1995 est.); note—includes foreign workers

       and military personnel

       note: temporary residents make up 41% of labor force (1991)

      Labor force—by occupation: government 48%, production of oil,

       natural gas, services, and construction 42%, agriculture, forestry,

       and fishing 4%, other 6% (1986 est.)

      Unemployment rate: 4.8% (1994 est.)

      Budget:

       revenues: $2.5 billion

       expenditures: $2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $768

       million (1995 est.)

      Industries: petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas,

       construction

      Industrial production growth rate: 4% (1997 est.)

      Electricity—production: 1.48 billion kWh (1996)

      Electricity—production by source: fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1996)

      Electricity—consumption: 1.48 billion kWh (1996)

      Electricity—exports: 0 kWh (1996)

      Electricity—imports: 0 kWh (1996)

      Agriculture—products: rice, cassava (tapioca), bananas; water buffalo

      Exports: $2.62 billion (f.o.b., 1996 est.)

      Exports—commodities: crude oil, liquefied natural gas, petroleum

       products

      Exports—partners: ASEAN 31%, Japan 27%, South Korea 26%, UK,

       Taiwan (1996 est.)

      Imports: $2.65 billion (c.i.f., 1996 est.)

      Imports—commodities: machinery and transport equipment,

       manufactured goods, food, chemicals

      Imports—partners: Singapore 29%, UK 19%, US 13%, Malaysia 9%,

       Japan 5% (1994 est.)

      Debt—external: $0

      Economic aid—recipient: $4.3 million (1995)

      Currency: 1 Bruneian dollar (B$) = 100 cents

      Exchange rates: Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1—1.6781 (January 1999), 1.6736 (1998), 1.4848 (1997), 1.4100 (1996), 1.4174 (1995), 1.5274 (1994); note—the Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      Communications

      Telephones: 90,000 (1997 est.)

      Telephone system: service throughout country is excellent;

       international service good to Europe, US, and East Asia

       domestic: NA

       international: satellite earth stations—2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean

       and 1 Pacific Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 3, FM 10, shortwave 0 (1998)

      Radios: 284,000 (1995 est.)

      Television broadcast stations: 2 (1997)

      Televisions: 173,000 (1995 est.)

      Transportation

      Railways:

       total: 13 km (private line)

       narrow gauge: 13 km 0.610-m gauge

      Highways: total: 1,150 km paved: 399 km unpaved: 751 km (1996 est.)

      Waterways: 209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m

      Pipelines: crude oil 135 km; petroleum products 418 km; natural

       gas 920 km

      Ports and harbors: Bandar Seri Begawan, Kuala Belait, Muara,

       Seria, Tutong

      Merchant marine:

       total: 7 liquefied gas tankers (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476

       GRT/340,635 DWT (1998 est.)

      Airports: СКАЧАТЬ