The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea

       linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by

       Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia

      People

      Population: 322,982 (July 1999 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 33% (male 54,154; female 51,766)

       15–64 years: 63% (male 106,492; female 95,921)

       65 years and over: 4% (male 7,945; female 6,704) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.38% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 24.69 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 5.21 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net migration rate: 4.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 1.19 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 22.83 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 71.84 years male: 70.35 years female: 73.42 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 3.33 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Bruneian(s) adjective: Bruneian

      Ethnic groups: Malay 64%, Chinese 20%, other 16%

      Religions: Muslim (official) 63%, Buddhism 14%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs and other 15% (1981)

      Languages: Malay (official), English, Chinese

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 88.2%

       male: 92.6%

       female: 83.4% (1995 est.)

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam

       conventional short form: Brunei

      Data code: BX

      Government type: constitutional sultanate

      Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan

      Administrative divisions: 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular—daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong

      Independence: 1 January 1984 (from UK)

      National holiday: National Day, 23 February (1984)

      Constitution: 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)

      Legal system: based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic

       Shari'a law supersedes civil law in a number of areas

      Suffrage: none

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka Seri

       Baginda Sultan Haji HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah (since 5

       October 1967); note—the monarch is both the chief of state and head

       of government

       head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka

       Seri Baginda Sultan Haji HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah

       (since 5 October 1967); note—the monarch is both the chief of state

       and head of government

       cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by

       the monarch; deals with executive matters

       note: there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the

       monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members

       appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters,

       and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch)

       that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises

       elections: none; the monarch is hereditary

      Legislative branch: unicameral Legislative Council or Majlis Masyuarat Megeri (a privy council that serves only in a consultative capacity; NA seats; members appointed by the monarch) elections: last held in March 1962 note: in 1970 the Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the monarch; an elected Legislative Council is being considered as part of constitutional reform, but elections are unlikely for several years

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court, chief justice and judges are sworn in by the monarch for three-year terms

      Political parties and leaders: Brunei Solidarity National Party

       president]; the PPKB is the only legal political party in Brunei; it

       was registered in 1985, but became largely inactive after 1988; it

       has less than 200 registered party members; other parties include

       Brunei People's Party or PRB (banned in 1962) and Brunei National

       Democratic Party (registered in May 1985, deregistered by the Brunei

       Government in 1988)

      International organization participation: APEC, ASEAN, C, CCC,

       ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat,

       Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW,

       UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador Pengiran Anak Dato Haji PUTEH Ibni

       Mohammad Alam

       chancery: Watergate, Suite 300, 3rd floor, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW,

       Washington, DC 20037

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

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