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       Territorial sea:

       12 nm

       Disputes:

       may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides the country; all of

       the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them

       are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an

       exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef, but has not publicly

       claimed the island

       Climate:

       tropical; hot, humid, rainy

       Terrain:

       flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west

       Natural resources:

       crude oil, natural gas, timber

       Land use:

       arable land 1%; permanent crops 1%; meadows and pastures 1%; forest and

       woodland 79%; other 18%; includes irrigated NEGL%

       Environment:

       typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare

       Note:

       close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific

       Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of

       Malaysia

      :Brunei People

      Population:

       269,319 (July 1992), growth rate 2.9% (1992)

       Birth rate:

       27 births/1,000 population (1992)

       Death rate:

       5 deaths/1,000 population (1992)

       Net migration rate:

       7 migrants/1,000 population (1992)

       Infant mortality rate:

       26 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)

       Life expectancy at birth:

       69 years male, 73 years female (1992)

       Total fertility rate:

       3.5 children born/woman (1992)

       Nationality:

       noun - Bruneian(s); adjective - Bruneian

       Ethnic divisions:

       Malay 64%, Chinese 20%, other 16%

       Religions:

       Muslim (official) 63%, Buddhism 14%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs and

       other 15% (1981)

       Languages:

       Malay (official), English, and Chinese

       Literacy:

       77% (male 85%, female 69%) age 15 and over can read and write (1981)

       Labor force:

       89,000 (includes members of the Army); 33% of labor force is foreign (1988);

       government 47.5%; production of oil, natural gas, services, and construction

       41.9%; agriculture, forestry, and fishing 3.8% (1986)

       Organized labor:

       2% of labor force

      :Brunei Government

      Long-form name:

       Negara Brunei Darussalam

       Type:

       constitutional sultanate

       Capital:

       Bandar Seri Begawan

       Administrative divisions:

       4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara,

       Temburong, Tutong

       Independence:

       1 January 1984 (from UK)

       Constitution:

       29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency

       since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)

       Legal system:

       based on Islamic law

       National holiday:

       23 February (1984)

       Executive branch:

       sultan, prime minister, Council of Cabinet Ministers

       Legislative branch:

       unicameral Legislative Council (Majlis Masyuarat Megeri)

       Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court

       Leaders:

       Chief of State and Head of Government:

       Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji

       HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu`izzaddin Waddaulah (since 5 October 1967)

       Political parties and leaders:

       Brunei United National Party (inactive), Anak HASANUDDIN, chairman; Brunei

       National Democratic Party (the first legal political party and now banned),

       leader NA

       Suffrage:

       none

       Elections:

       Legislative Council:

       last held in March 1962; in 1970 the Council was changed to an appointive

       body by decree of the sultan and no elections are planned

       Member of:

       APEC, ASEAN, C, ESCAP, G-77, ICAO, IDB, IMO, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO

       (correspondent), ITU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WMO

       Diplomatic representation:

       Ambassador Mohamed KASSIM bin Haji Mohamed СКАЧАТЬ