The 1992 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ Ambassador Botsweletse Kingsley SEBELE; Chancery at Suite 7M, 3400

       International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008; telephone (202) 244-4990 or

       4991

       US:

       Ambassador Davie PASSAGE; Embassy at Gaborone (mailing address is P. O. Box

       90, Gaborone); telephone [267] 353-982; FAX [267] 356-947

       Flag:

       light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center

      :Botswana Economy

      Overview:

       The economy has historically been based on cattle raising and crops.

       Agriculture today provides a livelihood for more than 80% of the population,

       but produces only about 50% of food needs. The driving force behind the

       rapid economic growth of the 1970s and 1980s has been the mining industry.

       This sector, mostly on the strength of diamonds, has gone from generating

       25% of GDP in 1980 to over 50% in 1989. No other sector has experienced such

       growth, especially not agriculture, which is plagued by erratic rainfall and

       poor soils. The unemployment rate remains a problem at 25%. Although diamond

       production remained level in FY91, substantial gains in coal output and

       manufacturing helped boost the economy

       GDP:

       purchasing power equivalent - $3.6 billion, per capita $2,800; real growth

       rate 6.3% (1991 est.)

       Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       12.6% (1991)

       Unemployment rate:

       25% (1989)

       Budget:

       revenues $1,935 million; expenditures $1,885 million, including capital

       expenditures of $658 million (FY93)

       Exports:

       $1.8 billion (f.o.b. 1990)

       commodities:

       diamonds 80%, copper and nickel 9%, meat 4%, cattle, animal products

       partners:

       Switzerland, UK, SACU (Southern African Customs Union)

       Imports:

       $1.6 billion (c.i.f., 1990 est.)

       commodities:

       foodstuffs, vehicles and transport equipment, textiles, petroleum products

       partners:

       Switzerland, SACU (Southern African Customs Union), UK, US

       External debt:

       $780 million (December 1990 est.)

       Industrial production:

       growth rate 16.8% (FY86); accounts for about 57% of GDP, including mining

       Electricity:

       220,000 kW capacity; 630 million kWh produced 858 kWh per capita (1991)

       Industries:

       mining of diamonds, copper, nickel, coal, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock

       processing

       Agriculture:

       accounts for only 3% of DGP; subsistence farming predominates; cattle

       raising supports 50% of the population; must import large share of food

       needs

       Economic aid:

       US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $257 million; Western (non-US)

       countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1,875 million; OPEC

       bilateral aid (1979-89), $43 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $29

       million

       Currency:

       pula (plural - pula); 1 pula (P) = 100 thebe

       Exchange rates:

       pula (P) per US$1 - 2.1683 (March 1992), 2.0173 (1991), 1.8601 (1990),

       2.0125 (1989), 1.8159 (1988), 1.6779 (1987)

       Fiscal year:

       1 April - 31 March

      :Botswana Communications

      Railroads:

       712 km 1.067-meter gauge

       Highways:

       11,514 km total; 1,600 km paved; 1,700 km crushed stone or gravel, 5,177 km

       improved earth, 3,037 km unimproved earth

       Civil air:

       5 major transport aircraft

       Airports:

       100 total, 87 unable; 8 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways

       over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 27 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

       Telecommunications:

       the small system is a combination of open-wire lines, radio relay links, and

       a few radio-communications stations; 26,000 telephones; broadcast stations -

       7 AM, 13 FM, no TV; 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station

      :Botswana Defense Forces

      Branches:

       Botswana Defense Force (including Army and Air Wing); Botswana National

       Police

       Manpower availability:

       males 15-49, 271,511; 142,947 fit for military service; 14,473 reach

       military age (18) annually

       Defense expenditures:

       exchange rate conversion - $136.4 million, 4.4% of GDP (FY92)

      :Bouvet Island Geography

      Total area:

       58 km2

       СКАЧАТЬ