The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by

       Parliament

       elections: president, which is largely a ceremonial post, elected by

       popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 26 June 2004

       (next to be held June 2008); prime minister appointed by the

       president

       election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON wins with 85.6% of the

       vote, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%

      Legislative branch:

       unicameral Parliament or Althing (63 seats; members are elected by

       popular vote to serve four-year terms)

       elections: last held 10 May 2003 (next to be held by May 2007)

       election results: percent of vote by party - Independence Party

       33.7%, Social Democratic Alliance 31.0%, Progressive Party 17.7%,

       Left-Green Alliance 8.8%, Liberal Party 7.4%; seats by party -

       Independence Party 22, Social Democratic Alliance 20, Progressive

       Party 12, Left-Green Alliance 5, Liberal Party 4

      Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court or Haestirettur (justices are appointed for life by

       the Minister of Justice); eight district courts (justices are

       appointed for life by the Minister of Justice)

      Political parties and leaders:

       Independence Party or IP [David ODDSSON]; Left-Green Alliance or

       LGP [Steingrimur SIGFUSSON]; Liberal Party or LP [Gudjon

       KRISTJANSSON]; Progressive Party or PP [Halldor ASGRIMSSON]; Social

       Democratic Alliance (includes People's Alliance or PA, Social

       Democratic Party or SDP, Women's List) or SDA [Ossur SKARPHEDINSSON]

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

       NA

      International organization participation:

       Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, FAO, IAEA, IBRD,

       ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF,

       IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, OECD, OPCW,

       OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate), WHO, WIPO,

       WMO, WTO

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador Helgi AGUSTSSON

       consulate(s) general: New York

       FAX: [1] (202) 265–6656

       telephone: [1] (202) 265–6653

       chancery: Suite 1200, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005–1704

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador James I. GADSDEN

       embassy: Laufasvegur 21, 101 Reykjavik

       mailing address: US Embassy, PSC 1003, Box 40, FPO AE 09728–0340

       telephone: [354] 562–9100

       FAX: [354] 562–9118

      Flag description:

       blue with a red cross outlined in white extending to the edges of

       the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist

       side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)

      Economy Iceland

      Economy - overview:

       Iceland's Scandinavian-type economy is basically capitalistic, yet

       with an extensive welfare system (including generous housing

       subsidies), low unemployment, and remarkably even distribution of

       income. In the absence of other natural resources (except for

       abundant geothermal power), the economy depends heavily on the

       fishing industry, which provides 70% of export earnings and employs

       12% of the work force. The economy remains sensitive to declining

       fish stocks as well as to fluctuations in world prices for its main

       exports: fish and fish products, aluminum, and ferrosilicon.

       Government policies include reducing the budget and current account

       deficits, limiting foreign borrowing, containing inflation, revising

       agricultural and fishing policies, diversifying the economy, and

       privatizing state-owned industries. The government remains opposed

       to EU membership, primarily because of Icelanders' concern about

       losing control over their fishing resources. Iceland's economy has

       been diversifying into manufacturing and service industries in the

       last decade, and new developments in software production,

       biotechnology, and financial services are taking place. The tourism

       sector is also expanding, with the recent trends in ecotourism and

       whale watching. Growth had been remarkably steady in 1996–2001 at

       3%-5%, but could not be sustained in 2002 in an environment of

       global recession. Growth resumed in 2003, and inflation dropped back

       from 5% to 2%.

      GDP:

       purchasing power parity - $8.678 billion (2003 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

       2.6% (2003 est.)

      GDP - per capita:

       purchasing power parity - $30,900 (2003 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 9.2% (includes fishing 12%) industry: 26.7% services: 64.2% (2003 est.)

      Investment (gross fixed):

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