The 1990 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ representation: none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)

      Flag: blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag

      - Economy Overview: Agriculture provides the economic base. The major export earners are fruit, copra, and clothing. Manufacturing activities are limited to a fruit-processing plant and several clothing factories. Economic development is hindered by the isolation of the islands from foreign markets and a lack of natural resources and good transportation links. A large trade deficit is annually made up for by remittances from emigrants and from foreign aid. Current economic development plans call for exploiting the tourism potential and expanding the fishing industry.

      GDP: $40.0 million, per capita $2,200 (1988 est.); real growth rate 5.3% (1986–88 est.)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 8.0% (1988)

      Unemployment rate: NA%

      Budget: revenues $33.8 million; expenditures $34.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1990 est.)

      Exports: $4.0 million (f.o.b., 1988); commodities—copra, fresh and canned fruit, clothing; partners—NZ 80%, Japan

      Imports: $38.7 million (c.i.f., 1988); commodities—foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber; partners—NZ 49%, Japan, Australia, US

      External debt: $NA

      Industrial production: growth rate NA%

      Electricity: 4,800 kW capacity; 15 million kWh produced, 830 kWh per capita (1989)

      Industries: fruit processing, tourism

      Agriculture: export crops—copra, citrus fruits, pineapples, tomatoes, bananas; subsistence crops—yams, taro

      Aid: Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970–89), $128 million

      Currency: New Zealand dollar (plural—dollars); 1 New Zealand dollar (NZ$) = 100 cents

      Exchange rates: New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1—1.6581 (January 1990), 1.6708 (1989), 1.5244 (1988), 1.6886 (1987), 1.9088 (1986), 2.0064 (1985)

      Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March

      - Communications Highways: 187 km total (1980); 35 km paved, 35 km gravel, 84 km improved earth, 33 km unimproved earth

      Ports: Avatiu

      Civil air: no major transport aircraft

      Airports: 7 total, 5 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 2,439 m; 3 with runways 1,220–2,439 m

      Telecommunications: stations—2 AM, no FM, no TV; 10,000 radio receivers; 2,052 telephones; 1 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT earth station

      - Defense Forces Note: defense is the responsibility of New Zealand—————————————————————————— Country: Coral Sea Islands (territory of Australia) - Geography Total area: undetermined; includes numerous small islands and reefs scattered over a sea area of about 1 million km2, with Willis Islets the most important

      Comparative area: undetermined

      Land boundaries: none

      Coastline: 3,095 km

      Maritime claims:

      Contiguous zone: 12 nm;

      Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation;

      Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm;

      Territorial sea: 3 nm

      Climate: tropical

      Terrain: sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays)

      Natural resources: negligible

      Land use: 0% arable land; 0% permanent crops; 0% meadows and pastures; 0% forest and woodland; 100% other, mostly grass or scrub cover; Lihou Reef Reserve and Coringa-Herald Reserve were declared National Nature Reserves on 3 August 1982

      Environment: subject to occasional tropical cyclones; no permanent fresh water; important nesting area for birds and turtles

      Note: the islands are located just off the northeast coast of

       Australia in the Coral Sea

      - People

       Population: 3 meteorologists

      - Government

       Long-form name: Coral Sea Islands Territory

      Type: territory of Australia administered by the Minister for

       Arts, Sport, the Environment, Tourism, and Territories Graham

       Richardson

      Flag: the flag of Australia is used

      - Economy

       Overview: no economic activity

      - Communications

       Ports: none; offshore anchorages only

      - Defense Forces

       Note: defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by

       the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors

      ——————————————————————————

       Country: Costa Rica

       - Geography

       Total area: 51,100 km2; land area: 50,660 km2; includes Isla del

       Coco

      Comparative area: slightly smaller than West Virginia

      Land boundaries: 639 km total; Nicaragua 309 km, Panama 330 km

      Coastline: 1,290 km

      Maritime claims:

      Continental shelf: 200 nm;

      Extended economic zone: 200 nm;

      Territorial sea: 12 nm

      Climate: tropical; dry season (December to April); rainy season (May to

       November)

      Terrain: coastal plains separated by rugged mountains

      Natural resources: hydropower potential

      Land use: 6% arable land; 7% permanent crops; 45% meadows and pastures; 34% forest and woodland; 8% other; includes 1% irrigated

      Environment: subject to occasional earthquakes, hurricanes СКАЧАТЬ