The 1990 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">      Industrial production: growth rate 2.0% (1989 est.)

      Electricity: 9,250,000 kW capacity; 35,364 million kWh produced, 1,110 kWh per capita (1989)

      Industries: textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, metal products, cement; mining—gold, coal, emeralds, iron, nickel, silver, salt

      Agriculture: accounts for 22% of GDP; crops make up two-thirds and livestock one-third of agricultural output; climate and soils permit a wide variety of crops, such as coffee, rice, tobacco, corn, sugarcane, cocoa beans, oilseeds, vegetables; forest products and shrimp farming are becoming more important

      Illicit drugs: major illicit producer of cannabis and coca for the international drug trade; key supplier of marijuana and cocaine to the US and other international drug markets; drug production and trafficking accounts for an estimated 4% of GDP and 28% of foreign exchange earnings

      Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70–88), $1.6 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970–87), $2.9 billion; Communist countries (1970–88), $399 million

      Currency: Colombian peso (plural—pesos); 1 Colombian peso (Col$) = 100 centavos

      Exchange rates: Colombian pesos (Col$) per US$1—439.68 (January 1990), 382.57 (1989), 299.17 (1988), 242.61 (1987), 194.26 (1986), 142.31 (1985)

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      - Communications

       Railroads: 3,563 km, all 0.914-meter gauge, single track

      Highways: 75,450 km total; 9,350 km paved, 66,100 km earth and gravel surfaces

      Inland waterways: 14,300 km, navigable by river boats

      Pipelines: crude oil, 3,585 km; refined products, 1,350 km; natural gas, 830 km; natural gas liquids, 125 km

      Ports: Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Covenas, San Andres,

       Santa Marta, Tumaco

      Merchant marine: 34 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 334,854 GRT/487,438

       DWT; includes 23 cargo, 1 chemical tanker, 1 petroleum, oils, and lubricants

       (POL) tanker, 9 bulk

      Civil air: 106 major transport aircraft

      Airports: 673 total, 622 usable; 66 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m; 10 with runways 2,440–3,659 m; 124 with runways 1,220–2,439 m

      Telecommunications: nationwide radio relay system; 1,890,000 telephones; stations—413 AM, no FM, 33 TV, 28 shortwave 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations with 2 antennas and 11 domestic satellite stations

      - Defense Forces

       Branches: armed forces include Police (Policia Nacional) and

       military—Army (Ejercito Nacional), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea de Colombia),

       Navy (Armada Nacional)

      Military manpower: males 15–49, 8,768,072; 5,953,729 fit for military service; 354,742 reach military age (18) annually

      Defense expenditures: 1.9% of GDP, or $700 million (1990 est.)

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       Country: Comoros

       - Geography

       Total area: 2,170 km2; land area: 2,170 km2

      Comparative area: slightly more than 12 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: none

      Coastline: 340 km

      Maritime claims:

      Extended economic zone: 200 nm;

      Territorial sea: 12 nm

      Disputes: claims French-administered Mayotte

      Climate: tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)

      Terrain: volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills

      Natural resources: negligible

      Land use: 35% arable land; 8% permanent crops; 7% meadows and pastures; 16% forest and woodland; 34% other

      Environment: soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; cyclones possible during rainy season

      Note: important location at northern end of Mozambique Channel

      - People

       Population: 460,188 (July 1990), growth rate 3.5% (1990)

      Birth rate: 48 births/1,000 population (1990)

      Death rate: 12 deaths/1,000 population (1990)

      Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1990)

      Infant mortality rate: 89 deaths/1,000 live births (1990)

      Life expectancy at birth: 54 years male, 58 years female (1990)

      Total fertility rate: 7.0 children born/woman (1990)

      Nationality: noun—Comoran(s); adjective—Comoran

      Ethnic divisions: Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava

      Religion: 86% Sunni Muslim, 14% Roman Catholic

      Language: Shaafi Islam (a Swahili dialect), Malagasy, French

      Literacy: 15%

      Labor force: 140,000 (1982); 80% agriculture, 3% government; 51% of population of working age (1985)

      Organized labor: NA

      - Government

       Long-form name: Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros

      Type: independent republic

      Capital: Moroni

      Administrative divisions: 3 islands; Anjouan, Grande Comore,

       Moheli; note—there may also be 4 municipalities named Domoni, Fomboni,

       Moroni, and Mutsamudu

      Independence: 6 July 1975 (from France)

      Constitution: 1 October 1978, amended October 1982 and January 1985

      Legal system: French and Muslim law in a new consolidated code

      National holiday: Independence Day, 6 July (1975)

      Executive branch: president, Council of Ministers (cabinet)

      Legislative СКАЧАТЬ