The 1997 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ branches: Royal Bhutan Army, Palace Guard, Militia

      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15–49: 455,556 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males : 243,156 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 18,290 (1997 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $NA

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: NA%

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: none ______________________________________________________________________

      BOLIVIA

      @Bolivia:Geography

      Location: Central South America, southwest of Brazil

      Geographic coordinates: 17 00 S, 65 00 W

      Map references: South America

      Area: total: 1,098,580 sq km land: 1,084,390 sq km water : 14,190 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly less than three times the size of Montana

      Land boundaries:

       total : 6,743 km

       border countries: Argentina 832 km, Brazil 3,400 km, Chile 861 km,

       Paraguay 750 km, Peru 900 km

      Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

      Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

      Climate: varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid

      Terrain: rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin

      Elevation extremes: lowest point : Rio Paraguay 90 m highest point: Cerro Illimani 6,882 m

      Natural resources: tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber

      Land use: arable land: 2% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 24% forests and woodland : 53% other: 21% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 1,750 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: cold, thin air of high plateau is obstacle to efficient fuel combustion, as well as to physical activity by those unaccustomed to it from birth; flooding in the northeast (March-April)

      Environment - current issues: the clearing of land for agricultural purposes and the international demand for tropical timber are contributing to deforestation; soil erosion from overgrazing and poor cultivation methods (including slash-and-burn agriculture); desertification; loss of biodiversity; industrial pollution of water supplies used for drinking and irrigation

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection

      Geography - note: landlocked; shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru

      @Bolivia:People

      Population: 7,669,868 (July 1997 est.)

      Age structure: 0–14 years: 40% (male 1,543,641; female 1,511,579) 15–64 years: 56% (male 2,081,792; female 2,184,876) 65 years and over : 4% (male 158,409; female 189,571) (July 1997 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.04% (1997 est.)

      Birth rate: 32.14 births/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Death rate: 10.18 deaths/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Net migration rate: −1.56 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over : 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (1997 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 65.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population : 60.34 years male: 57.46 years female : 63.38 years (1997 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 4.18 children born/woman (1997 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Bolivian(s) adjective: Bolivian

      Ethnic groups: Quechua 30%, Aymara 25%, mestizo (mixed white and

       Amerindian ancestry) 25%-30%, white 5%-15%

      Religions: Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist)

      Languages: Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara (official)

      Literacy: definition : age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83.1% male: 90.5% female: 76% (1995 est.)

      @Bolivia:Government

      Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Bolivia conventional short form: Bolivia local long form: Republica de Bolivia local short form : Bolivia

      Data code: BL

      Government type: republic

      National capital: La Paz (seat of government); Sucre (legal capital and seat of judiciary)

      Administrative divisions: 9 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Beni, La Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa Cruz, Tarija

      Independence: 6 August 1825 (from Spain)

      National holiday: Independence Day, 6 August (1825)

      Constitution: 2 February 1967; revised in August 1994

      Legal system: based on Spanish law and Napoleonic Code; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage: 18 years of age, universal and compulsory (married); 21 years of age, universal and compulsory (single)

      Executive branch: chief of state : President Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamente (since 6 August 1993); Vice President Victor Hugo CARDENAS Conde (since 6 August 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamente (since 6 August 1993); Vice President Victor Hugo CARDENAS Conde (since 6 August 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from a panel of candidates proposed by the Senate elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held June 1997); Constitutional reforms extend presidential and vice СКАЧАТЬ