The 1997 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ 0 km

      Highways: total : 225 km paved: 225 km unpaved : 0 km (1997 est.) note: in addition, there are 400 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned

      Ports and harbors: Hamilton, Saint George

      Merchant marine: total: 76 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,416,667 GRT/5,163,435 DWT ships by type: bulk 9, cargo 1, container 15, liquefied gas tanker 14, oil tanker 16, refrigerated cargo 12, roll-on/roll-off cargo 4, short-sea passenger 2, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 1, livestock carrier 1 note: a flag of convenience registry; includes ships from 11 countries among which are UK 26, Canada 12, US 9, Norway 7, Hong Kong 4, Nigeria 4, Sweden 4, Switzerland 2, Mexico 1, and Romania 1; Bermuda owns 48 additional ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,911,678 DWT that operate under Australian, Bahamian, Hong Kong, Liberian, Panamanian and Singaporean registry (1996 est.)

      Airports: 1 (1996 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m : 1 (1996 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda

       Reserve Constabulary

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $NA

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: NA%

      Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the UK

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: none ______________________________________________________________________

      BHUTAN

      @Bhutan:Geography

      Location: Southern Asia, between China and India

      Geographic coordinates: 27 30 N, 90 30 E

      Map references: Asia

      Area: total: 47,000 sq km land: 47,000 sq km water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative: about half the size of Indiana

      Land boundaries: total: 1,075 km border countries: China 470 km, India 605 km

      Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

      Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

      Climate: varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas

      Terrain: mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Dangme Chu 97 m highest point: Khula Kangri I 7,553 m

      Natural resources: timber, hydropower, gypsum, calcium carbide

      Land use: arable land: 2% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures : 6% forests and woodland: 66% other: 26% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 340 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: violent storms coming down from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season

      Environment - current issues: soil erosion; limited access to potable water

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban signed, but not ratified : Law of the Sea

      Geography - note: landlocked; strategic location between China and

       India; controls several key Himalayan mountain passes

      @Bhutan:People

      Population: 1,865,191 (July 1997 est.) note: other estimates range as low as 600,000

      Age structure: 0–14 years: 40% (male 387,721; female 359,857) 15–64 years: 56% (male 536,797; female 507,551) 65 years and over: 4% (male 37,249; female 36,016) (July 1997 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.3% (1997 est.)

      Birth rate: 37.91 births/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Death rate: 14.94 deaths/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over : 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (1997 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 114 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population : 51.88 years male: 52.37 years female: 51.37 years (1997 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 5.27 children born/woman (1997 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Bhutanese (singular and plural) adjective: Bhutanese

      Ethnic groups: Bhote 50%, ethnic Nepalese 35%, indigenous or migrant tribes 15%

      Religions: Lamaistic Buddhism 75%, Indian- and Nepalese-influenced

       Hinduism 25%

      Languages: Dzongkha (official), Bhotes speak various Tibetan dialects,

       Nepalese speak various Nepalese dialects

      Literacy: definition : age 15 and over can read and write total population: 42.2% male: 56.2% female: 28.1% (1995 est.)

      People - note: refugee issue over the presence in Nepal of approximately 100,000 Bhutanese refugees, 90% of whom are in seven United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps

      @Bhutan:Government

      Country name: conventional long form : Kingdom of Bhutan conventional short form: Bhutan

      Data code: BT

      Government type: monarchy; special treaty relationship with India

      National capital: Thimphu

      Administrative divisions: 18 districts (dzongkhag, singular and

       plural); Bumthang, Chhukha, Chirang, Daga, Geylegphug, Ha, Lhuntshi,

       Mongar, Paro, Pemagatsel, Punakha, Samchi, Samdrup Jongkhar, Shemgang,

       Tashigang, Thimphu, Tongsa, Wangdi Phodrang

      Independence: 8 August 1949 (from India)

      National holiday: National Day, 17 December (1907) (Ugyen WANGCHUCK became first hereditary king)

      Constitution: no written constitution or bill of rights note: Bhutan uses 1953 Royal decree for the Constitution of the National Assembly

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