Book 1 of Plato's Republic. Drew A. Mannetter

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СКАЧАТЬ as an adjective modifying δϵσπότην (S. 1266). The enclitic throws its accent back onto the properispomenon λυττῶντά (S. 183.c). καὶ: The conjunction connects the two adjectives modifying δϵσπότην (S. 2868). ἄγριον: Attributive adjective modifying δϵσπότην (S. 912). δϵσπότην: The noun lacks an article (S. 1126).

      ἀποφυγών: Singular, masculine, nominative, aorist, active circumstantial participle of ἀποφϵύγω modifying ἐγώ, the supplied subject of ἀπέφυγον (S. 2054). The aorist tense of the participle denotes simple occurrence and the action set forth is generally antecedent to that of the leading verb (S.1872.c). The aorist participle is accented as an oxytone (S. 425.b). An acute at the end of a sentence does not change to a grave (S. 154).

      ϵὖ οὖν μοι καὶ τότϵ ἔδοξϵν ἐκϵῖνος ϵἰπϵῖν καὶ νῦν οὐχ ἧττον. (329.c)

δοκέω: to seem.ἐγώ, ἐμοῦ: I, of me.ϵἶπον: to speak.ἐκϵῖνος, -η, -ο: that man, woman, or thing.ϵὖ: well.ἧττον: less.

καί: even; and.νῦν: now, as it is, as the case now stands.οὐ: not.οὖν: well, now.τότϵ: then, at that time.

      ϵὖ: Adverb with ϵἰπϵῖν (S. 341, 345, 1094).

      οὖν: The postpositive connecting particle marks a new stage in the sequence of events (S. 2956) (D. οὖν, pg. 425).

      μοι: Singular, dative, enclitic form of the personal pronoun ἐγώ (S. 325). Dative of reference; the dative of a pronoun often denotes the person in whose opinion a statement holds good (S. 1496). The enclitic loses its accent after the perispomenon οὖν (S. 183.b).

      καὶ: Adverbial use of the particle meaning “even” modifying τότϵ (S. 2881).

      τότϵ: Adverb (S. 341, 1094).

      ἔδοξϵν: Third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative of δοκέω (S. 385). Main verb of the (first) simple coordinate clause: ϵὖ … ϵἰπϵῖν (S. 2162). The moveable -ν is added to third person singular verbs ending in -ϵ when the next word begins with a vowel (S. 134).

      ἐκϵῖνος: Singular, masculine, nominative demonstrative pronoun used substantively; the antecedent is Σοφοκλϵῖ (S. 1238). Nominative subject of ἔδοξϵν (S. 927).

      ϵἰπϵῖν: Aorist, active infinitive of ϵἶπον (S. 529.3). An object (complimentary) infinitive after ἔδοξϵν (S. 1989). The aorist tense of the infinitive denotes simple occurrence (S. 1865.b).

      καὶ: The conjunction connects the two coordinate clauses (S. 2868).

      νῦν οὐχ ἧττον: Second coordinate clause; brachylogy of νῦν μοι δοκϵῖ ἐκϵῖνος ϵἰπϵῖν οὐ ἧττον ϵὖ which balances the previous clause (S. 3018.b).

      νῦν: Adverb here balancing τότϵ (S. 341, 1094, 2924).

      οὐχ: The simple negative particle οὐ is the negative of fact and statement (S. 2688). The -χ is added to οὐ before a rough breathing (S. 137).

      ἧττον: Comparative adverb (S. 345, 1094). Attic has -ττ- for -σσ- of Ionic and most other dialects (S. 78).

      παντάπασι γὰρ τῶν γϵ τοιούτων ἐν τῷ γήρᾳ πολλὴ ϵἰρήνη γίγνϵται καὶ ἐλϵυθϵρία, ἐπϵιδὰν αἱ ἐπιθυμίαι παύσωνται κατατϵίνουσαι καὶ χαλάσωσι, παντάπασι τὸ τοῦ Σοφοκλέους γίγνϵται· (329.c-d)

γάρ: for.γϵ: at least, at any rate.γῆρας, -αος, τό: old age.γίγνομαι: to become; be valid.ϵἰρήνη, -ης, ἡ: peace, time of peace.ἐλϵυθϵρία, -ας, ἡ: freedom, liberty.ἐν (+ dat.): in.ἐπϵιδάν: whenever.ἐπιθυμία, -ας, ἡ: desire, yearning, passion, appetite.

καί: and.κατατϵίνω: to rack, torture.παντάπασι: by all means, undoubtedly; altogether, absolutely.παύομαι: to leave off from, rest or cease from.πολύς, πολλή, πολύ: much, great, profound.Σοφοκλέης, -έους, ὁ: Sophocles.τό: the saying.τοιοῦτο, -ου, τό: such a thing.χαλάω: to slacken, loosen.

      παντάπασι: Adverb (S. 341, 1094).

      γὰρ: The postpositive particle here functions as a causal conjunction and confirms the truth of the previous statement (S. 2803, 2810).

      τῶν γϵ τοιούτων: Genitive of separation with ϵἰρήνη (S. 1392). τοιούτων: Plural, neuter, genitive demonstrative pronoun used substantively with the article; the antecedent is the preceding idea of sexual pleasures (S. 1153.g, 1245). γϵ: The postpositive enclitic particle is here limitative (although old age brings freedom from sexual anxiety, it does not relieve all anxiety); when the emphatic word is preceded by an article, γϵ is normally placed after the article and before the stressed word (S. 2821) (D. γϵ, pg. 146). The enclitic particle loses its accent after the perispomenon τῶν (S. 183.b).

      ἐν τῷ γήρᾳ: Dative of time with the preposition ἐν meaning “in” (S. 1539-42). τῷ: The article is very often omitted in phrases containing a preposition but not here (S. 1128).

      πολλὴ ϵἰρήνη: First nominative subject of γίγνϵται (S. 927, 938). πολλὴ: Attributive adjective (S. 912). ϵἰρήνη: The noun lacks an article (S. 1126).

      γίγνϵται: Third person, singular, present, deponent, indicative of γίγνομαι (S. 383). Main verb of the (first) simple coordinate clause: παντάπασι … ἐλϵυθϵρία (S. 2162). Singular verb with two subjects; the verb may agree with the nearest or most important of two or more subjects. The verb may be placed after the first subject (S. 966.b).

      καὶ: The conjunction connects the two nominative subjects (S. 2868).

      ἐλϵυθϵρία: Second nominative subject of γίγνϵται (S. 927, 938). The noun lacks an article (S. 1126).

      ἐπϵιδὰν … χαλάσωσι: Temporal clause (S. 2383).

      ἐπϵιδὰν: A combination of the temporal conjunction ἐπϵιδή and the particle ἄν; temporal clauses requiring the subjunctive must have ἄν, which is more closely attached to the temporal word than it is to the subjunctive (S. 1768).

      αἱ ἐπιθυμίαι: Nominative subject of παύσωνται (S. 927, 938).

      παύσωνται: Third person, plural, aorist, middle, subjunctive of παύω (S. 383). Main verb of the (first) simple coordinate clause in the temporal clause: αἱ … κατατϵίνουσαι (S. 2162). Temporal СКАЧАТЬ