1
'Medical Notes and Reflections,' 3rd edit., 1855, p. 267.
2
Mr. Buckle, in his grand work on 'Civilisation,' expresses doubts on the subject owing to the want of statistics. See also Mr. Bowen, Professor of Moral Philosophy, in 'Proc. American Acad. of Sciences,' vol. v. p. 102
3
For greyhounds, see Low's 'Domest. Animals of the British Islands,' 1845, p. 721. For game-fowls, see 'The Poultry Book,' by Mr. Tegetmeier, 1866, p. 123. For pigs, see Mr. Sidney's edit. of 'Youatt on the Pig,' 1860, pp. 11, 22.
4
'The Stud Farm,' by Cecil, p. 39.
5
'Philosophical Transactions,' 1755, p. 23. I have seen only second-hand accounts of the two grandsons. Mr. Sedgwick, in a paper to which I shall hereafter often refer, states that four generations were affected, and in each the males alone.
6
Barbara Van Beck, figured, as I am informed by the Rev. W. D. Fox, in Woodburn's 'Gallery of Rare Portraits,' 1816, vol. ii.
7
'Proc. Zoolog. Soc.,' 1833, p. 16
8
Hofacker, 'Ueber die Eigenschaften,' &c., 1828, s. 34. Report by Pariset in 'Comptes Rendus,' 1847, p. 592.
9
Hunter, as quoted in Harlan's 'Med. Researches,' p. 530. Sir A. Carlisle, 'Phil. Transact.,' 1814, p. 94.
10
Girou de Buzareignues, 'De la Génération,' p. 282.
11
'Macmillan's Magazine,' July and August, 1865.
12
The works which I have read and found most useful are Dr. Prosper Lucas's great work, 'Traité de l'Hérédité Naturelle,' 1847. Mr. W. Sedgwick, in 'British and Foreign Medico-Chirurg. Review,' April and July, 1861, and April and July, 1863: Dr. Garrod on Gout is quoted in these articles. Sir Henry Holland, 'Medical Notes and Reflections,' 3rd edit., 1855. Piorry, 'De l'Hérédité dans les Maladies,' 1840. Adams, 'A Philosophical Treatise on Hereditary Peculiarities,' 2nd edit., 1815. Essay on 'Hereditary Diseases,' by Dr. J. Steinan, 1843. See Paget, in 'Medical Times,' 1857, p. 192, on the Inheritance of Cancer; Dr. Gould, in 'Proc. of American Acad. of Sciences,' Nov. 8, 1853, gives a curious case of hereditary bleeding in four generations. Harlan, 'Medical Researches,' p. 593.
13
Marshall, quoted by Youatt in his work on Cattle, p. 284.
14
'Philosoph. Transact.,' 1814, p. 94.
15
'Medical Notes and Reflections,' 3rd edit., p. 33.
16
This affection, as I hear from Mr. Bowman, has been ably described and spoken of as hereditary by Dr. Dondera, of Utrecht, whose work was published in English by the Sydenham Society in 1864.
17
Quoted by Mr. Herbert Spencer, 'Principles of Biology,' vol. i. p. 244.
18
'British and Foreign Medico-Chirurg. Review, 'April, 1861, p. 482-6; 'l'Héréd. Nat.,' tom. i. pp. 391-408.
19
Dr. Osborne, Pres. of Royal College of Phys. in Ireland, published this case in the 'Dublin Medical Journal' for 1835.
20
These various statements are taken from the following works and papers: – Youatt on 'The Horse,' pp. 35, 220. Lawrence, 'The Horse,' p. 30. Karkeek, in an excellent paper in 'Gard. Chronicle,' 1853, p. 92. Mr. Burke, in 'Journal of R. Agricul. Soc. of England,' vol. v. p. 511. 'Encyclop. of Rural Sports,' p. 279. Girou de Buzareignues, 'Philosoph. Phys.,' p. 215. See following papers in 'The Veterinary:' Roberts, in vol. ii. p. 144; M. Marrimpoey, vol. ii. p. 387; Mr. Karkeek, vol. iv. p. 5; Youatt on Goître in Dogs, vol. v. p. 483; Youatt, in vol. vi. pp. 66, 348, 412; M. Bernard, vol. xi. p. 539; Dr. Samesreuther, on Cattle, in vol. xii. p. 181; Percivall, in vol. xiii. p. 47. With respect to blindness in horses, see also a whole row of authorities in Dr. P. Lucas's great work, tom. i. p. 399. Mr. Baker, in 'The Veterinary,' vol. xiii. p. 721, gives a strong case of hereditary imperfect vision and of jibbing.
21
Knight on 'The Culture of the Apple and Pear,' p. 31. Lindley's 'Horticulture,' p. 180.
22
These statements are taken from the following works in order: – Youatt on 'The Horse,' p. 48; Mr. Darvill, in 'The Veterinary,' vol. viii. p. 50. With respect to Robson, see 'The Veterinary,' vol. iii. p. 580; Mr. Lawrence on 'The Horse,' 1829, p. 9; 'The Stud Farm,' by Cecil, 1851; Baron Cameronn, quoted in 'The Veterinary,' vol x. p. 500.
23
'Recreations in Agriculture and Nat. Hist.,' vol. i. p. 68.
24
'Ueber die Eigenschaften,' &c., 1828, s. 107.
25
Bronn's 'Geschichte der Natur,' band ii. s. 132.
26
Vrolik has discussed this point at full length in a work published in Dutch, from which Mr. Paget has kindly translated for me passages. See, also, Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire's 'Hist. des Anomalies,' 1832, tom. i. p. 684.
27
'Edinburgh New Phil. Journal,' July, 1863.
28
Some great anatomists, as Cuvier and Meckel, believe that the tubercle one side of the hinder foot of the tailless Batrachians represents a sixth digit. Certainly, when the hinder foot of a toad, as soon as it first sprouts from the tadpole, is dissected, the partially ossified cartilage of this tubercle resembles under the microscope, in a remarkable manner, a digit. But the highest authority on such subjects, Gegenbaur (Untersuchung. zur vergleich. anat. der Wirbelthiere: Carpus et Tarsus, 1864, s. 63), concludes that this resemblance is not real, only superficial.
29
For these several statements, see Dr. Struthers, in work cited, especially on intermissions in the line of descent. Prof. Huxley, 'Lectures on our Knowledge of Organic Nature,' 1863, p. 97. With respect to inheritance, see Dr. Prosper Lucas, 'L'Hérédité Nat.,' tom. i. p. 325. Isid. Geoffroy, 'Anom.,' tom. i. p. 701. Sir A. Carlisle, in 'Phil. Transact.,' 1814, p. 94. A. Walker, on 'Intermarriage,' 1838, p. 140, gives a case of five generations; as does Mr. Sedgwick, in 'Brit. and Foreign Medico-Chirurg. Review,' April, 1863, p. 462. On the inheritance of other anomalies in the extremities, see Dr. H. Dobell, in vol. xlvi. of 'Medico-Chirurg. Transactions,' 1863; also Mr. Sedgwick, in op. cit., April, 1863, p. 460. With respect to additional digits in the negro, see Prichard, 'Physical History of Mankind.' Dr. Dieffenbach ('Journ. Royal Geograph. Soc.,' 1841, p. 208) says this anomaly is not uncommon with the Polynesians of the Chatham Islands.
30
'The Poultry Chronicle,' 1854, p. 559.
31
The statements in this paragraph are taken from Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 'Hist. des Anomalies,' tom. i. pp. 688-693.
32
As quoted by Carpenter, 'Princ. of Comp. Physiology,' 1854, p. 480.
33
Müller's 'Phys.,' Eng. translat.,
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