Acosta, Hist. Nat. des Indes, French trans., 1598, p. 163.
189
Thomas, Statistique de Bourbon, ii. p. 18.
190
The catalogue of the botanical gardens of Buitenzorg, 1866, p. 222, says expressly that the Manihot utilissima comes from Bourbon and America.
191
Aypi, mandioca, manihot, manioch, yuca, etc., in Pohl, Icones and Desc., i. pp. 30, 33. Martius, Beiträge z. Ethnographie, etc., Braziliens, ii. p. 122, gives a number of names.
192
Thonning (in Schumacher, Besk. Guin.), who is accustomed to quote the common names, gives none for the manioc.
193
J. Müller, in Prodromus, xv., sect. 1, p. 1057.
194
Kunth, in Humboldt and B., Nova Genera, ii. p. 108.
195
Pohl, Icones et Descr., i. p. 36, pl. 26.
196
Müller, in Prodromus.
197
De Martius, Beiträge zur Ethnographie, etc., i. pp. 19, 136.
198
Piso, Historia Naturalis Braziliæ, in folio, 1658, p. 55, cum icone.
199
Jatropia Sylvestris Vell. Fl. Flum., 16, t. 83. See Müller, in D. C. Prodromus, xv. p. 1063.
200
Kunth, Enum., iv. p. 381.
201
Schweinfurth and Ascherson, Aufzählung, p. 294.
202
Ledebour, Flora Altaica, ii. p. 4; Flora Rossica, iv. p. 162.
203
Regel, Allior. Monogr., p. 44.
204
Baker, in Journal of Bot., 1874, p. 295.
205
Bretschneider, Study and Value, etc., pp. 15, 4, and 7.
206
Thunberg, Fl. Jap.; Franchet and Savatier, Enumeratio, 1876, vol. ii.
207
Unger, Pflanzen des Alten Ægyptens, p. 42.
208
Piddington, Index.
209
Hiller, Hierophyton; Rosenmüller, Bibl. Alterthum, vol. iv.
210
De Charencey, Actes de la Soc. Phil., 1st March, 1869.
211
Davies, Welsh Botanology.
212
All these common names are found in my dictionary compiled by Moritzi from floras. I could have quoted a larger number, and mentioned the probable etymologies, as given by philologists – Hehn, for instance, in his Kulturpflanzen aus Asien, p. 171 and following; but this is not necessary to show its origin and early cultivation in several different countries.
213
Annales des Sc. Nat., 3rd series, vol. viii.
214
A. de Candolle, Géogr. Bot. Raisonnée, ii. p. 828.
215
Kunth, Enumer., iv. p. 394.
216
Fraas, Syn. Fl. Class., p. 291.
217
Theophrastus, Hist., l. 7, c. 4.
218
J. Bauhin, Hist., ii. p. 548.
219
Pliny, Hist., l. 19, c. 6.
220
Ibid.
221
Juvenalis, Sat. 15.
222
Forskal, p. 65.
223
Ainslie’s Mat. Med. Ind., i. p. 269.
224
Hiller, Hieroph., ii. p. 36; Rosenmüller, Handbk. Bibl. Alterk.; iv. p. 96.
225
Piddington, Index; Ainslie’s Mat. Med. Ind.
226
Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ii.; Loureiro, Fl. Cochin., p. 249.
227
Thunberg, Fl. Jap., p. 132.
228
Unger, Pflanzen d. Alt. Ægypt., p. 42, figs. 22, 23, 24.
229
Hasselquist, Voy. and Trav., p. 279.
230
Ledebour, Fl. Rossica, iv. p. 169.
231
Aitchison, A Catalogue of the Plants of the Punjab and the Sindh, in 8vo, 1869, p. 19; Baker, in Journal of Bot., 1874, p. 295.
232
Ill. Hortic., 1877, p. 167.
233
Bretschneider, Study and Value, etc., pp. 47 and 7.
234
Nouvelle Espagne, 2nd edit., ii. p. 476.
235
Sloane, Jam., i. p. 75.
236
Acosta. Hist. Nat. des Indes, French trans., p. 165.
237
Ledebour, Flora Rossica, iv. p. 169.
238
Lenz, Botanik. der Alten Griechen und Römer, p. 295.
239
Dodoens, Pemptades, p. 687.
240
Pliny, Hist., l. 19, c. 6.
241
He will treat of this in a publication entitled Cibaria, which will shortly appear.
