The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ an anticorruption campaign. With the scheduled completion of a $2 billion natural gas pipeline to Brazil in 1999, Bolivia hopes to become an energy hub in the region.

      GDP: purchasing power parity—$23.4 billion (1998 est.)

      GDP—real growth rate: 4.7% (1998 est.)

      GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity?$3,000 (1998 est.)

      GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 17% industry: 26% services: 57% (1995 est.)

      Population below poverty line: 66%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.3% highest 10%: 31.7% (1990)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.4% (1998 est.)

      Labor force: 2.5 million

      Labor force—by occupation: agriculture NA%, services and utilities NA%, manufacturing, mining and construction NA%

      Unemployment rate: 11.4% (1997) with widespread underemployment

      Budget:

       revenues: $2.7 billion

       expenditures: $2.7 billion (1998)

      Industries: mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages,

       tobacco, handicrafts, clothing

      Industrial production growth rate: 4% (1995 est.)

      Electricity—production: 2.95 billion kWh (1996)

      Electricity—production by source: fossil fuel: 40.68% hydro: 59.32% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1996)

      Electricity—consumption: 2.948 billion kWh (1996)

      Electricity—exports: 2 million kWh (1996)

      Electricity—imports: 0 kWh (1996)

      Agriculture—products: soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber

      Exports: $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1998 est.)

      Exports—commodities: metals 34%, natural gas 9.4%, soybeans 8.4%,

       jewelry 11%, wood 6.9%

      Exports—partners: US 22%, UK 9.3%, Colombia 8.7%, Peru 7.4%,

       Argentina 7.2%

      Imports: $1.7 billion (c.i.f. 1998)

      Imports—commodities: capital goods 48%, chemicals 11%, petroleum 5%, food 5% (1993 est.)

      Imports—partners: US 20%, Japan 13%, Brazil 12, Chile 7.5% (1996)

      Debt—external: $4.1 billion (1998)

      Economic aid—recipient: $588 million (1997)

      Currency: 1 boliviano ($B) = 100 centavos

      Exchange rates: bolivianos ($B) per US$1—5.6491 (January 1999), 5.5101 (1998), 5.2543 (1997), 5.0746 (1996), 4.8003 (1995), 4.6205 (1994)

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      Communications

      Telephones: 144,300 (1987 est.)

      Telephone system: new subscribers face bureaucratic difficulties; most telephones are concentrated in La Paz and other cities domestic: microwave radio relay system being expanded international: satellite earth station—1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 177, FM 68, shortwave 112 (1998)

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 48 (1997)

      Televisions: 500,000 (1993 est.)

      Transportation

      Railways:

       total: 3,691 km (single track)

       narrow gauge: 3,652 km 1.000-m gauge; 39 km 0.760-m gauge (13 km

       electrified) (1995)

      Highways:

       total: 52,216 km

       paved: 2,872 km (including 27 km of expressways)

       unpaved: 49,344 km (1995 est.)

      Waterways: 10,000 km of commercially navigable waterways

      Pipelines: crude oil 1,800 km; petroleum products 580 km; natural gas 1,495 km

      Ports and harbors: none; however, Bolivia has free port

       privileges in the maritime ports of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and

       Paraguay

      Merchant marine:

       total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 34,948 GRT/58,472 DWT

       ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 5 (1998 est.)

      Airports: 1,130 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with paved runways:

       total: 12

       over 3,047 m: 4

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 3

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 4

       914 to 1,523 m: 1 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with unpaved runways:

       total: 1,118

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 3

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 70

       914 to 1,523 m: 224

       under 914 m: 821 (1998 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Army (Ejercito Boliviano), Navy (Fuerza Naval

       Boliviana, includes Marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Boliviana),

       National Police Force (Policia Nacional de Bolivia)

      Military manpower—military age: 19 years of age

      Military manpower—availability:

       males age 15–49: 1,908,454 (1999 est.)

      Military manpower—fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 1,241,311 (1999 est.)

      Military manpower—reaching military age annually:

       males: 84,481 (1999 est.)

      Military expenditures—dollar figure: $154 million (1998)

      Military expenditures—percent СКАЧАТЬ