The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       territorial constituencies, 30 seats reserved for women; members

       serve five-year terms)

       elections: last held 12 June 1996 (next to be held NA 2001)

       election results: percent of vote by party—AL 33.87%, BNP 30.87%;

       seats by party—AL 178, BNP 113, JP 33, JI 3, other 2, election still

       to be held 1; note—the elections of 12 June 1996 brought to power an

       Awami League government for the first time in twenty-one years; held

       under a neutral, caretaker administration, the elections were

       characterized by a peaceful, orderly process and massive voter

       turnout, ending a bitter two-year impasse between the former BNP and

       opposition parties that had paralyzed National Parliament and led to

       widespread street violence

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court, the Chief Justices and other

       judges are appointed by the president

      Political parties and leaders: Bangladesh Nationalist Party or

      International organization participation: AsDB, C, CCC, CP,

       ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB,

       IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat,

       Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUA, NAM, OIC,

       OPCW, SAARC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH,

       UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UNOMIL, UNPREDEP, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO,

       WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador Khwaja Mohammad SHEHABUDDIN

       chancery: 2201 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

       consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador John C. HOLZMAN

       embassy: Diplomatic Enclave, Madani Avenue, Baridhara, Dhaka 1212

       mailing address: G.P.O. Box 323, Dhaka 1000

      Flag description: green with a large red disk slightly to the

       hoist side of center; the red sun of freedom represents the blood

       shed to achieve independence; the green field symbolizes the lush

       countryside, and secondarily, the traditional color of Islam

      Economy

      Economy—overview: Despite sustained domestic and international efforts to improve economic and demographic prospects, Bangladesh remains one of the world's poorest, most densely populated, and least developed nations. The economy is largely agricultural, with the cultivation of rice the single most important activity in the economy. Major impediments to growth include frequent cyclones and floods, the inefficiency of state-owned enterprises, a rapidly growing labor force that cannot be absorbed by agriculture, delays in exploiting energy resources (natural gas), inadequate power supplies, and slow implementation of economic reforms. Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA Wajed's Awami League government has made some headway improving the climate for foreign investors and liberalizing the capital markets; for example, it has negotiated with foreign firms for oil and gas exploration, better countrywide distribution of cooking gas, and the construction of natural gas pipelines and power plants. Progress on other economic reforms has been halting because of opposition from the bureaucracy, public sector unions, and other vested interest groups. Severe floods, lasting from July to October 1998, endangered the livelihoods of more than 20 million people. Foodgrain production fell by 4 million tons, forcing Dhaka to triple its normal foodgrain imports and placing severe pressure on Bangladesh's balance of payments. The floods increased the country's reliance on large-scale international aid. So far the East Asian financial crisis has not had major impact on the economy.

      GDP: purchasing power parity—$175.5 billion (1998 est.)

      GDP—real growth rate: 4% (1998 est.)

      GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity?$1,380 (1998 est.)

      GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 30% industry: 17% services: 53% (1997)

      Population below poverty line: 35.6% (1995–96 est.)

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 4.1% highest 10%: 23.7% (1992)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7% (1998)

      Labor force: 56 million note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, and Oman (1996)

      Labor force—by occupation: agriculture 65%, services 25%, industry and mining 10% (1996)

      Unemployment rate: 35.2% (1996)

      Budget:

       revenues: $3.8 billion

       expenditures: $5.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA

       (1997)

      Industries: jute manufacturing, cotton textiles, food processing,

       steel, fertilizer

      Industrial production growth rate: 3.6% (1997)

      Electricity—production: 11.5 billion kWh (1997)

      Electricity—production by source: fossil fuel: 97.35% hydro: 2.65% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1996)

      Electricity—consumption: 11.3 billion kWh (1996)

      Electricity—exports: 0 kWh (1996)

      Electricity—imports: 0 kWh (1996)

      Agriculture—products: rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes; beef, milk, poultry

      Exports: $4.4 billion (1997)

      Exports—commodities: garments, jute and jute goods, leather,

       frozen fish and seafood

      Exports—partners: Western Europe 42%, US 30%, Hong Kong 4%, Japan

       3% (FY95/96 est.)

      Imports: $7.1 billion (1997)

      Imports—commodities: capital goods, textiles, food, petroleum

       products

      Imports—partners: India 21%, China 10%, Western Europe 8%, Hong

       Kong 7%, Singapore 6% (FY95/96 est.)

      Debt—external: СКАЧАТЬ