The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ claims:

       contiguous zone: 18 nm

       continental shelf: up to the outer limits of the continental margin

       exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

       territorial sea: 12 nm

      Climate: tropical; cool, dry winter (October to March); hot,

       humid summer (March to June); cool, rainy monsoon (June to October)

      Terrain: mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Keokradong 1,230 m

      Natural resources: natural gas, arable land, timber

      Land use:

       arable land: 73%

       permanent crops: 2%

       permanent pastures: 5%

       forests and woodland: 15%

       other: 5% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 31,000 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: droughts, cyclones; much of the country routinely flooded during the summer monsoon season

      Environment—current issues: many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; limited access to potable water; water-borne diseases prevalent; water pollution especially of fishing areas results from the use of commercial pesticides; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation; deforestation; severe overpopulation

      Environment—international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea

      People

      Population: 127,117,967 (July 1999 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 38% (male 24,516,722; female 23,346,904)

       15–64 years: 59% (male 38,441,064; female 36,586,743)

       65 years and over: 3% (male 2,303,613; female 1,922,921) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 1.59% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 25.2 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 8.5 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net migration rate: −0.79 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 1.2 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 69.68 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 60.6 years male: 60.73 years female: 60.46 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 2.86 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Bangladeshi(s) adjective: Bangladesh

      Ethnic groups: Bengali 98%, Biharis 250,000, tribals less than 1 million

      Religions: Muslim 88.3%, Hindu 10.5%, other 1.2%

      Languages: Bangla (official), English

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 38.1%

       male: 49.4%

       female: 26.1% (1995 est.)

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: People's Republic of Bangladesh

       conventional short form: Bangladesh

       former: East Pakistan

      Data code: BG

      Government type: republic

      Capital: Dhaka

      Administrative divisions: 5 divisions; Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi note: there may be one additional division named Sylhet

      Independence: 16 December 1971 (from Pakistan)

      National holiday: Independence Day, 26 March (1971)

      Constitution: 4 November 1972, effective 16 December 1972, suspended following coup of 24 March 1982, restored 10 November 1986, amended many times

      Legal system: based on English common law

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Shahabuddin AHMED (since 9 October 1996);

       note—the president's duties are normally ceremonial, but with the

       13th amendment to the constitution ("Caretaker Government

       Amendment"), the president's role becomes significant at times when

       Parliament is dissolved and a caretaker government is installed—at

       presidential direction—to supervise the elections

       head of government: Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA Wajed (since 23

       June 1996)

       cabinet: Cabinet selected by the prime minister and appointed by the

       president

       elections: president elected by National Parliament for a five-year

       term; election last held 24 July 1996 (next to be held by NA October

       2001); following legislative elections, the leader of the party that

       wins the most seats is usually appointed prime minister by the

       president

       election results: Shahabuddin AHMED elected president without

       opposition; percent of National Parliament vote—NA

      Legislative branch: unicameral National Parliament or Jatiya

       Sangsad (330 seats; СКАЧАТЬ