The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the

       Council of Nations (144 seats; one-third of the members appointed by

       the president, two-thirds elected by indirect vote; members serve

       six-year terms; created as a result of the constitutional revision

       of November 1996)

       elections: National People's Assembly—last held 5 June 1997 (next to

       be held NA 2001); elections for two-thirds of the Council of

       Nations—last held 25 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2003)

       election results: National People's Assembly—percent of vote by

       party—NA%; seats by party—RND 156, MSP 69, FLN 62, Nahda Movement

       34, FFS 20, RCD 19, PT 4, Republican Progressive Party 3, Union for

       Democracy and Freedoms 1, Liberal Social Party 1, independents 11;

       Council of Nations—percent of vote by party—NA%; seats by party—RND

       80, FLN 10, FFS 4, MSP 2 (remaining 48 seats appointed by the

       president, party breakdown NA)

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)

      Political parties and leaders: Islamic Salvation Front or FIS BENHAMOUDA, secretary general]; Socialist Forces Front or FFS note: the government established a multiparty system in September 1989 and, as of 31 December 1990, over 50 legal parties existed; a new party law was enacted in March 1997

      International organization participation: ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OAU, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (applicant)

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Ramtane LAMAMRA chancery: 2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador Cameron R. HUME

       embassy: 4 Chemin Cheikh Bachir El-Ibrahimi, Algiers

       mailing address: B. P. Box 549, Alger-Gare, 16000 Algiers

      Flag description: two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side)

       and white with a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent; the

       crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam

       (the state religion)

      Economy

      Economy—overview: The hydrocarbons sector is the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 52% of budget revenues, 25% of GDP, and over 95% of export earnings. Algeria has the fifth-largest reserves of natural gas in the world and is the second largest gas exporter; it ranks fourteenth for oil reserves. Algiers' efforts to reform one of the most centrally planned economies in the Arab world began after the 1986 collapse of world oil prices plunged the country into a severe recession. In 1989, the government launched a comprehensive, IMF-supported program to achieve economic stabilization and to introduce market mechanisms into the economy. Despite substantial progress toward economic adjustment, in 1992 the reform drive stalled as Algiers became embroiled in political turmoil. In September 1993, a new government was formed, and one priority was the resumption and acceleration of the structural adjustment process. Burdened with a heavy foreign debt, Algiers concluded a one-year standby arrangement with the IMF in April 1994 and the following year signed onto a three-year extended fund facility which ended 30 April 1998. Progress on economic reform, a Paris Club debt rescheduling in 1995, and oil and gas sector expansion have contributed to a recovery since 1995. Investments in developing hydrocarbon resources have spurred growth, but the economy remains heavily dependent on volatile oil and gas revenues. The government has continued efforts to diversify the economy by attracting foreign and domestic investment outside the energy sector in order to reduce high unemployment and improve living standards.

      GDP: purchasing power parity—$140.2 billion (1998 est.)

      GDP—real growth rate: 3.2% (1998 est.)

      GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity?$4,600 (1998 est.)

      GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 12% industry: 51% services: 37% (1997 est.)

      Population below poverty line: 22.6% (1995 est.)

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.8% highest 10%: 26.8% (1995)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 9% (1998 est.)

      Labor force: 7.8 million (1996 est.)

      Labor force—by occupation: government 29.5%, agriculture 22%, construction and public works 16.2%, industry 13.6%, commerce and services 13.5%, transportation and communication 5.2% (1989)

      Unemployment rate: 30% (1998 est.)

      Budget:

       revenues: $14.4 billion

       expenditures: $15.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $4.4

       million (1998 est.)

      Industries: petroleum, natural gas, light industries, mining,

       electrical, petrochemical, food processing

      Industrial production growth rate: −4% (1997 est.)

      Electricity—production: 18.4 billion kWh (1996)

      Electricity—production by source: fossil fuel: 98.91% hydro: 1.09% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1996)

      Electricity—consumption: 18.13 billion kWh (1996)

      Electricity—exports: 490 million kWh (1996)

      Electricity—imports: 220 million kWh (1996)

      Agriculture—products: wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits; sheep, cattle

      Exports: $14 billion (f.o.b., 1997 est.)

      Exports—commodities: petroleum and natural gas 97%

      Exports—partners: Italy 18.8%, US 14.8%, France 11.8%, Spain 8%,

       Germany 7.9% (1995 est.)

      Imports: $8.5 billion (f.o.b., 1997 est.)

      Imports—commodities: capital goods, food and beverages, consumer

       goods

      Imports—partners: France 29%, Spain 10.5%, Italy 8.2%, US 8%,

       Germany 5.6% (1995 est.)

      Debt—external: $31.4 billion (1998 est.)

      Economic СКАЧАТЬ