The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ claims: none (landlocked)

      Climate: temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers

      Terrain: rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Riu Valira 840 m highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m

      Natural resources: hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore,

       lead

      Land use:

       arable land: 2%

       permanent crops: 0%

       permanent pastures: 56%

       forests and woodland: 22%

       other: 20% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: NA sq km

      Natural hazards: snowslides, avalanches

      Environment—current issues: deforestation; overgrazing of

       mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion

      Environment—international agreements:

       party to: none of the selected agreements

       signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography—note: landlocked

      People

      Population: 65,939 (July 1999 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 14% (male 4,880; female 4,527)

       15–64 years: 73% (male 25,811; female 22,444)

       65 years and over: 13% (male 4,196; female 4,081) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.24% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 10.27 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 5.46 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net migration rate: 17.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.15 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 4.08 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 83.46 years male: 80.55 years female: 86.55 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 1.25 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Andorran(s) adjective: Andorran

      Ethnic groups: Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3%

      Religions: Roman Catholic (predominant)

      Languages: Catalan (official), French, Castilian

      Literacy: NA

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Principality of Andorra

       conventional short form: Andorra

       local long form: Principat d'Andorra

       local short form: Andorra

      Data code: AN

      Government type: parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its heads of state a coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and bishop of Seo de Urgel, Spain, who are represented locally by officials called veguers

      Capital: Andorra la Vella

      Administrative divisions: 7 parishes (parroquies, singular—parroquia); Andorra, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Les Escaldes, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria

      Independence: 1278

      National holiday: Mare de Deu de Meritxell, 8 September

      Constitution: Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; adopted 14 March 1993

      Legal system: based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995)

       represented by Veguer Jean-Pierre COURTOIS (since NA); and Spanish

       Coprince Episcopal Monseigneur Joan MARTI Alanis (since 31 January

       1971) represented by Veguer Francesc BADIA Battalla (since NA)

       head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne

       (since 21 December 1994)

       cabinet: Executive Council designated by the Executive Council

       president

       elections: Executive Council president elected by the General

       Council and formally appointed by the coprinces; election last held

       16 February 1997 (next to be held NA 2001)

       election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council

       president; percent of General Council vote—NA

      Legislative branch: unicameral General Council of the Valleys or

       Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by

       direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14

       to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)

       elections: last held 16 February 1997 (next to be held NA February

       2001)

       election results: percent of vote by party—UL 57%, AND 21%, IDN 7%,

       ND 7%, other 8%; seats by party—UL 16, AND 6, ND 2, IDN 2, UPO 2

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Andorra at Perpignan, France, (two civil judges appointed by the veguers, one appeals judge appointed by the coprinces alternately); Ecclesiastical Court of the Bishop of Seo de Urgel (Spain); Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal des Cortes, (presided over by the two civil judges, one appeals judge, the veguers, and two members of the General СКАЧАТЬ