The 1997 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ total: 971 km narrow gauge: 971 km 1.067-m gauge (1995)

      Highways: total: 11,800 km paved : 1,676 km unpaved: 10,124 km (1995 est.)

      Ports and harbors: none

      Airports: 80 (1996 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 34 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m : 9 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 22 (1996 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 46 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m : 43 (1996 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Botswana Defense Force (includes Army and Air

       Wing), Botswana National Police

      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15–49: 343,929 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males: 180,692 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 17,632 (1997 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $199 million (FY93/94)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 5.2% (FY93/94)

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: quadripoint with Namibia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zimbabwe is in disagreement; dispute with Namibia over uninhabited Kasikili (Sidudu) Island in Linyanti (Chobe) River remained unresolved in January 1996 and the parties have agreed to refer the matter to the ICJ ______________________________________________________________________

      BOUVET ISLAND

      (territory of Norway)

      @Bouvet Island:Geography

      Location: Southern Africa, island in the South Atlantic Ocean, south-southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)

      Geographic coordinates: 54 26 S, 3 24 E

      Map references: Antarctic Region

      Area: total: 58 sq km land : 58 sq km water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: 0 km

      Coastline: 29.6 km

      Maritime claims: territorial sea: 4 nm

      Climate: antarctic

      Terrain: volcanic; maximum elevation about 800 meters; coast is mostly inaccessible

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 780 m

      Natural resources: none

      Land use: arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures : 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (all ice)

      Irrigated land: 0 sq km (1993)

      Natural hazards: NA

      Environment - current issues: NA

      Environment - international agreements: party to: NA signed, but not ratified: NA

      Geography - note: covered by glacial ice

      @Bouvet Island:People

      Population: uninhabited

      @Bouvet Island:Government

      Country name: conventional long form : none conventional short form: Bouvet Island

      Data code: BV

      Dependency status: territory of Norway

      Flag description: the flag of Norway is used

      Economy

      Economy - overview: no economic activity; declared a nature reserve

      @Bouvet Island:Communications

      Communications - note: automatic meteorological station

      @Bouvet Island:Transportation

      Ports and harbors: none; offshore anchorage only

      Military

      Military - note: defense is the responsibility of Norway

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: none ______________________________________________________________________

      BRAZIL

      @Brazil:Geography

      Location: Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean

      Geographic coordinates: 10 00 S, 55 00 W

      Map references: South America

      Area: total: 8,511,965 sq km land : 8,456,510 sq km water: 55,455 sq km note: includes Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas, Ilha da Trindade, Ilhas Martin Vaz, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo

      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than the US

      Land boundaries: total: 14,691 km border countries: Argentina 1,224 km, Bolivia 3,400 km, Colombia 1,643 km, French Guiana 673 km, Guyana 1,119 km, Paraguay 1,290 km, Peru 1,560 km, Suriname 597 km, Uruguay 985 km, Venezuela 2,200 km

      Coastline: 7,491 km

      Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf : 200 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm

      Climate: mostly tropical, but temperate in south

      Terrain: mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal belt

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico da Neblina 3,014 m

      Natural resources: bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, timber

      Land use: arable land : 5% permanent crops: 1% permanent pastures: 22% forests and woodland: 58% other : 14% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 28,000 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south

      Environment - current issues: deforestation in Amazon Basin destroys the habitat and endangers the existence of a multitude of plant and animal species indigenous to the area; air and water pollution СКАЧАТЬ