Continuing Korean. Ross King

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СКАЧАТЬ answer in B’ is inappropriate, because it assumes that A knew that the bus hadn’t come.

      16.3. Unfinished Sentences and Afterthoughts with -서요 and -고요

43.	시간이 없어서 못 했어요. 머리도 아프고요. I couldn’t do it because I didn’t have time. And I had a headache, too.
Koreans, like other people, don’t always think ahead and organize what they are going to say. Most of the sentences in this book are well organized and constructed as if they had been well planned in advance; the verb, for example, always comes at the end. But in unguarded speech, people will often blurt out the verb (or some larger part of the sentence), and then—as an afterthought—add one or more of the phrases that they should have put in earlier.
44.	벌써 오셨어요? 손님들이요. Are they already here—the guests?
As you have learned, a sentence whose final verb is turned into a -고 form and . . . is normally put before some other sentence it joins to make a compound sentence. But as an afterthought you can add the -고 form after you have said the other sentence. The afterthought sentence will have the normal intonation (statement, question, command, etc.) you would expect of it if it were an ordinary sentence, and if you are talking in the Polite Style you will add the polite particle 요. Examples with 서요 are often unfinished sentences, more of a lazy way to get around saying a whole sentence. Here are some more examples of afterthoughts and unfinished sentences.
45.	표는 어디서 사요? 또, 값은 얼마고요? Where do we buy the tickets? And how much are they?
46.	비빔밥은 이리 주세요. 냉면은 저리 드리시고요. The pibimpap here, please, [waiter]—and the naengmyǒn there, please.
47.	가서 주무세요. 기다리지 마시고요. Go to bed; don’t wait up.
48.	이것은 수진 씨 모자이고, 저것은 수진 씨 책이고요. This is your hat, [Sujin] and that is your book.
49.	A.	빨리 가고 싶어요. I want to go right away .
	B.	왜요? Why?
	A.	배가 너무 고파서요. Because I’m so hungry.
50.	A.	김치는 왜 안 먹지요? Why aren’t you eating any kimchee?
	B.	너무 매워서요. Because it’s too spicy.
51.	A.	사과를 왜 안 사왔어요? Why didn’t you buy (and bring) the apples?
	B.	너무 바빠서요. Because I was too busy.

      16.4. Descriptive Verb + -어서 죽겠어요 : so . . . I could die

      You can use the infinitive plus 서 pattern in combination with a descriptive verb (usually one describing a mental state or physical sensation) and 죽겠어요 I think I’m going to die to create a lively, colloquial pattern meaning: I feel so . . . I could die or I’m incredibly . . . , and so on. Here are some examples.

52.	배가 고파서 죽겠어요. I’m starving [“so hungry I could die”].
53.	머리가 아파서 죽겠어요. I have an incredible headache.
54.	어머니가 보고 싶어서 죽겠어요. I miss my mother terribly.
55.	기분이 나빠서 죽겠어요. I’m in a foul mood.

      16.5. NOUN-에 대해서, NOUN-에 관해서: about, concerning

      The postpositional phrase -에 대해서 means about, with respect to, concerning, etc. The postpositional phrase -에 관해서 means the same thing, but is somewhat more formal and bookish. Here are some examples.

56.	만호 씨는 컴퓨터에 대해서 많이 알고 있어요. Manho knows a lot about computers.
57.	영국 사람들은 언제나 날씨에 대해서 이야기를 합니다. English people always talk about the weather.
58.	어제 문 박사님은 한국 경제에 관해서 강연을 하셨습니다. Yesterday Dr. Moon gave a lecture about the Korean economy.

      16.6. -거든요: . . . , you see?

      The verb ending in -거든요 is a one-shape ending and can occur with any base, though usually you will encounter it on Plain and Past bases more than on Future bases. L-extending bases appear in their extended form before this ending: 사-ᄅ- → 살거든요.

      The ending in - 거든요 is used to offer a kind of follow-up explanation to what has just been said (or implied). A literal translation of its effect might be: I hasten to give you an explanation or rationale for what I just said (or implied) in perhaps too crude, obscure or blunt a fashion. In other words, the ending in - 거든요 also functions as a sort of politeness strategy or “grease on the skids” to keep conversational exchanges moving. It performs the latter function by inviting a response (notice that is usually has a rising, question-like intonation)—usually just an understanding 네 or a nod—from the person you are talking to. Often the only crude way to approximate the flavor of this ending in English is with the tag . . . you see? Here are some examples:

59.	나는 김치를 못 먹어요. 너무 맵거든요. I can’t eat kimchee. It’s too hot.
60.	머리가 아파서 죽겠어요. 어젯밤 술을 너무 많이 마셨거든요. I have an incredible headache. Last night I drank too much.
61.	요즘 연 선생님은 아주 기분이 좋으세요. 지난달에 아들을 낳았거든요. Mr. Yŏn is in a really good mood lately. Last month they gave birth to a son.
62.	내일 다시 오세요. 준비가 아직 안 됐거든요. Please come again tomorrow. It’s not ready yet.

      Exercises

      Exercise СКАЧАТЬ