Book 1 of Plato's Republic. Drew A. Mannetter

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СКАЧАТЬ subject of ἔφη (S. 927, 938). λαβόμϵνος: Singular, masculine, nominative, aorist, middle circumstantial participle of λαμβάνω modifying παῖς (S. 2054). The aorist tense denotes simple occurrence and the action set forth is generally antecedent to that of the leading verb (S. 1872.c).

      τοῦ ἱματίου: Partitive genitive with λαβόμϵνος; a verb may be followed by the partitive genitive if the action affects the object only in part. If the entire object is affected, the verb in question takes the accusative (S. 1341, 2040).

      Κϵλϵύϵι: Third person, singular, present, active, indicative of κϵλϵύω (S. 383). Main verb of the complex sentence (S. 2173).

      ὑμᾶς … πϵριμϵῖναι: Accusative subject with the infinitive after ἐκέλϵυσϵ (S. 1465, 1972). ὑμᾶς: Plural, accusative of the personal pronoun ὑμϵῖς (S. 325). Accusative subject of the infinitive (S. 1972). πϵριμϵῖναι: Aorist, active infinitive from πϵριμένω (S. 402). The aorist tense of the infinitive denotes simple occurrence (S. 1865.b).

      ἔφη: Third person, singular, imperfect, indicative of φημί (S. 783). The verb introduces the oratio recta (S. 2590).

      Πολέμαρχος: Nominative subject of Κϵλϵύϵι (S. 927, 938). Names of persons are individual and therefore omit the article unless previously mentioned or specially marked as well known (S. 1136).

      καὶ ἐγὼ μϵτϵστράφην τϵ καὶ ἠρόμην ὅπου αὐτὸς ϵἴη. (327.b)

αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό: (he) himself, (she) herself, (it) itself.ἐγώ, ἐμοῦ: I, of me.ϵἰμί: to be.ἔρομαι: to ask, enquire.

καί: and.μϵταστρέφομαι: to turn oneself about, turn about or around.ὅπου: where.τϵ καί: and.

      καὶ: The conjunction connects this sentence with the previous one (S. 2868).

      ἐγὼ: Singular, nominative of the personal pronoun ἐγώ (S. 325). Nominative subject of both μϵτϵστράφην and ἠρόμην (S. 927, 938). The personal pronoun is usually omitted unless emphatic (here changing subjects) (S. 1190).

      μϵτϵστράφην: First person, singular, aorist, passive, indicative of μϵταστρέφω (S. 383). Main verb of the (first) simple coordinate clause: καὶ … μϵτϵστράφην (S. 2162).

      τϵ καὶ: The combination of particles form a conjunction connecting the two coordinate clauses (S. 2974). τϵ: The anticipatory particle τϵ is sometimes placed adjacent to καὶ (S. 2974). The monosyllabic enclitic loses its accent after a paroxytone μϵτϵστράφην (S. 183.d).

      ἠρόμην: First person, singular, aorist, deponent, indicative of ἔρομαι (S. 384). The main verb of the (second) complex coordinate clause: ἠρόμην … ϵἴη (S. 2162).

      ὅπου αὐτὸς ϵἴη: Indirect question after ἠρόμην (S. 2663).

      ὅπου: Indirect interrogative introducing the indirect question (S. 346).

      αὐτὸς: Singular, masculine, nominative emphatic pronoun used as an adjective modifying ἐκϵῖνος, the supplied subject of ϵἴη (S. 327). When standing alone in the nominative case, αὐτός emphasizes the word understood and is not a personal pronoun (S. 1206.a).

      ϵἴη: Third person, singular, present, optative of ϵἰμί (S. 768). Main verb of the indirect question (S. 2173). The subject ἐκϵῖνος (the antecedent is Πολέμαρχος) is not expressed but implied in the verb (S. 931). After a secondary tense (ἠρόμην), the mood and tense of the direct form may be retained or, as here, the optative may be used instead (S. 2677). The present tense of the optative denotes continued action (S. 1861).

      Οὗτος, ἔφη, ὄπσθϵν προσέρχϵται· ἀλλὰ πϵριμένϵτϵ. (327.b)

ἀλλά: oh but do, come, come now.ὄπισθϵν: behind.οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο: this man, woman, or thing.

πϵριμένω: to wait, stand still.προσέρχομαι: to approach, draw close, be close at hand.φημί: to say.

      Οὗτος: Singular, masculine, nominative demonstrative pronoun used substantively; the antecedent is Πολέμαρχος (S. 1238). Nominative subject of προσέρχϵται (S. 927, 938).

      ἔφη: Third person, singular, imperfect, indicative of φημί (S. 783). The verb introduces the oratio recta (S. 2590). The subject ἐκϵῖνος (the antecedent is ὁ παῖς) is not expressed but implied in the verb (S. 931).

      ὄπισθϵν: Adverb (S. 341, 1094). The -θϵν suffix denotes the place whence (S. 342).

      προσέρχϵται: Third person, singular, present, deponent, indicative of προσέρχομαι (S. 383). Main verb of the simple sentence (S. 903).

      ἀλλὰ: The adversative conjunction connects this sentence with the previous one; it is often used before commands (S. 2784.c). It here marks a transition from arguments for action to a statement of the action required (D. ἀλλά, pg. 14).

      πϵριμένϵτϵ: Second person, plural, present imperative of πϵριμένω (S. 383). Main verb of the simple sentence (S. 903). The present tense of the imperative denotes continued action (S. 1864.a). The subject ὑμϵῖς (“you all”) is not expressed but implied in the verb; the nominative of the personal pronoun is usually omitted except when emphatic (S. 929, 1190). Although there are two persons being addressed (Socrates and Glaucon), the dual is not used; the dual speaks of dual or a pair, but it is not often used, and the plural (which denotes more than one) is frequently substituted for it (S. 195).

      Άλλὰ πϵριμϵνοῦμϵν, ἦ δ´ ὃς ὁ Γλαύκων. (327.b)

ἀλλά: well, but of course, why yes.Γλαύκων, Γλαύκωνος, ὁ: Glaucon.δέ: and.

ἠμί: to say.ὅς, ἥ, ὅ: he, she, it; this, that.πϵριμένω: to wait, stand still.

      Άλλὰ: Conjunction connecting this sentence with the previous one; the assentient use of the particle marks “practical consent, expression of willingness to act in a required way. The first speaker usually speaks in the imperative, the second usually in the future indicative …” (S. 2784) (D. ἀλλά, pg. 17).

      πϵριμϵνοῦμϵν: First person, plural, future, active, indicative of πϵριμένω (S. 383, 535). Main verb of the simple sentence (S. 903). The subject ἡμϵῖς is not expressed but implied in the verb; the nominative of the personal pronoun is usually omitted except when emphatic (S. 929, 1190). Although the subject reflects two persons (Socrates and Glaucon), the dual is not used; the dual speaks of dual or a pair, but it is not often used, and the plural (which denotes more than one) is frequently substituted for it (S. 195).

СКАЧАТЬ