The Return of the Shadow. Christopher Tolkien
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Название: The Return of the Shadow
Автор: Christopher Tolkien
Издательство: HarperCollins
Жанр: Ужасы и Мистика
Серия: The History of Middle-earth
isbn: 9780007348237
isbn:
2 At this point my father wrote at first:
Twice before this he had been a matter of local news: a rare achievement for a Baggins. The first time was when he was left an orphan, when barely forty years old, by the untimely death of his father and mother (in a boating accident). The second time was more remarkable.
Such a fate in store for Bungo Baggins and his wife seems most improbable in the light of the words of the first chapter of The Hobbit:
Not that Belladonna Took ever had any adventures after she became Mrs Bungo Baggins. Bungo, that was Bilbo’s father, built the most luxurious hobbit-hole for her … and there they remained to the end of their days.
They seem an unlikely couple to have gone ‘fooling about with boats’, in Gaffer Gamgee’s phrase, and his recognition of this was no doubt the reason why my father immediately struck the passage out; but the boating accident was not forgotten, and it became the fate of (Rollo Bolger >) Drogo Baggins and his Brandybuck wife, Primula, for whom it was a less improbable end (see p. 37).
3 At this stage only 20 years separated Bilbo’s adventure in The Hobbit and his farewell party, and my father clearly intended the B on the waggon to stand for Bard, King of Dale. Later, when the years had been greatly lengthened out, it would be Bain son of Bard who ruled in Dale at this time.
4 In the original Hobbit Gandalf at his first appearance was described as ‘a little old man’, but afterwards the word ‘little’ was removed. See p. 315.
5 The single tree in the field below Bag End was already in the illustration of Hobbiton that appeared as the frontispiece to The Hobbit, as also were Bilbo’s kitchen-garden and the hobbit-holes of Bagshot Row (though that name first appears here).
6 September 20th was the date of Bilbo’s birthday in the first version (p. 16).
7 Prospero Brandybuck was first written Orlando Brandybuck, the second bearer of the name: in the list of Bilbo’s gifts in the first version (p. 17 note 5) Gorboduc Grubb had been changed to Orlando Grubb.
8 A very similar passage, indicating the outraged comments of the guests, was added to the manuscript of the original draft at this point, but it was Inigo Grubb-Took who shouted ‘Where is he now, anyway?’ It was the greedy Inigo Grubb-Took who received the dinner-service (p. 15), and in this respect he survived into the third version of the chapter.
9 a small ring: emended from his famous ring.
I have given this text in full, since taken together with the first it provides a basis of reference in describing those that follow, from which only extracts are given; but it will be seen that the Party – the preparations for it, the fireworks, the feast – had already reached the form it retains in FR (pp. 34–9), save in a few and quite minor features of the narrative (and here and there in tone). This is the more striking when we realize that at this stage my father still had very little idea of where he was going: it was a beginning without a destination (but see pp. 42–3).
Certain changes made to the manuscript towards its end have not been taken up in the text given above. In Bilbo’s speech, his words ‘Secondly, to celebrate my birthday, and the twentieth anniversary of my return’ and the comment ‘No cheers; there was some uncomfortable rustling’ were removed, and the following expanded passage substituted:
Secondly, to celebrate OUR birthdays: mine and my honourable and gallant father’s. Uncomfortable and apprehensive silence. I am only half the man that he is: I am 72, he is 144. Your numbers are chosen to do honour to each of his honourable years. This was really dreadful – a regular braintwister, and some of them felt insulted, like leap-days shoved in to fill up a calendar.
This change gives every appearance of belonging closely with the writing of the manuscript: it is clearly written in ink, and seems distinct from various scattered scribbles in pencil. But the appearance is misleading. Why should Bilbo thus refer to old Bungo Baggins, underground these many years? Bungo was pure Baggins, ‘solid and comfortable’ (as he is described in The Hobbit), and surely died solidly in his bed at Bag End. To call him ‘gallant’ seems odd, and for Bilbo to say ‘I am half the man that he is’ and ‘he is 144’ rather tastelessly whimsical.
The explanation is in fact simple: it was not Bilbo who said it, but his son, Bingo Baggins, who enters in the third version of ‘A Long-expected Party’. The textual point would not be worth mentioning here were it not so striking an example of my father’s way of using one manuscript as the matrix of the next version, but not correcting it coherently throughout: so in this case, he made no structural alterations to the earlier part of the story, but pencilled in the name ‘Bingo’ against ‘Bilbo’ on the last pages of the manuscript, and (to the severe initial confusion of the editor) carefully rewrote a passage of Bilbo’s speech to make it seem that Bilbo had taken leave of his senses. It is clear, I think, that it was the sudden emergence of this radical new idea that caused him to abandon this version.
Other hasty changes altered ‘seventy-first’ to ‘seventy-second’ and ‘71’ to ‘72’ at each occurrence, and these belong also with the new story that was emerging. In this text, Bilbo’s age in the opening sentence was 70, as in the first version, but it was changed to 71 in the course of the chapter (note 1 above). The number of guests at the dinner-party was already 144 in the text as first written, but nothing is made of this figure; that it was chosen for a particular reason only appears from the expanded passage of the speech given above: ‘I am 72, he is 144. Your numbers are chosen to do honour to each of his honourable years.’ It seems clear that the change of 71 to 72 was made because 72 is half of 144. The number of guests came first, when the story was still told of Bilbo, and at first had no significance beyond its being a dozen dozens, a gross.
A few other points may be noticed. Gandalf was present at the dinner-party; Gaffer Gamgee had not yet emerged, but ‘old Rory Brandybuck’ makes his appearance (in place of Inigo Grubb-Took, note 8 above); and Bilbo does not disappear with a blinding flash. At each stage the number of hobbit clans named is increased: so here the Brandybucks emerge, and the Bracegirdles were pencilled in, to appear in the third version as written.
(iii)
The Third Version
The third draft of ‘A Long-expected Party’ is complete, and is a good clear manuscript with relatively little later correction. In this section numbered notes again appear at the end (p. 34).
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