The 2002 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ 2001)

      Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, textiles, petroleum, foodstuffs

      Imports - partners: Japan 9%, India 8%, Hong Kong 7%, Singapore 7%,

       South Korea 5% (2000)

      Debt - external: $9.9 billion (2000)

      Economic aid - recipient: $577 million (1998)

      Currency: Sri Lankan rupee (LKR)

      Currency code: LKR

      Exchange rates: Sri Lankan rupees per US dollar - 93.383 (January 2002), 89.383 (2001), 77.005 (2000), 70.635 (1999), 64.450 (1998), 58.995 (1997)

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      Communications Sri Lanka

      Telephones - main lines in use: 494,509 (1998)

      Telephones - mobile cellular: 228,604 (1999)

      Telephone system: general assessment: very inadequate domestic service, particularly in rural areas; likely improvement with privatization of national telephone company and encouragement to private investment; good international service (1999) domestic: national trunk network consists mostly of digital microwave radio relay; fiber-optic links now in use in Colombo area and two fixed wireless local loops have been installed; competition is strong in mobile cellular systems; telephone density remains low at 2.6 main lines per 100 persons (1999) international: submarine cables to Indonesia and Djibouti; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (1999)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 26, FM 45, shortwave 1 (1998)

      Radios: 3.85 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 21 (1997)

      Televisions: 1.53 million (1997)

      Internet country code: .lk

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 5 (2000)

      Internet users: 121,500 (2001)

      Transportation Sri Lanka

      Railways: total: 1,463 km broad gauge: 1,404 km 1.676-m gauge narrow gauge: 59 km 0.762-m gauge (2001)

      Highways: total: 11,285 km paved: 10,721 km unpaved: 564 km (1998 est.)

      Waterways: 430 km (navigable by shallow-draft craft)

      Pipelines: crude oil and petroleum products 62 km (1987)

      Ports and harbors: Colombo, Galle, Jaffna, Trincomalee

      Merchant marine: total: 18 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 137,321 GRT/233,367 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 15, container 1, petroleum tanker 1, includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 9, Hong Kong 1, United Arab Emirates 1 (2002 est.)

      Airports: 15 (2001)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 14 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 6 (2001)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2001)

      Military Sri Lanka

      Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Police Force

      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 5,347,153 (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 4,148,825 (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 193,522 (2002 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $719 million (FY98)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 4.2% (FY98)

      Transnational Issues Sri Lanka

      Disputes - international: none

      This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

      ========================================================================

      Congo, Republic of the

      Introduction

      Congo, Republic of the

      Background: Upon independence in 1960, the former French region of Middle Congo became the Republic of the Congo. A quarter century of experimentation with Marxism was abandoned in 1990 and a democratically elected government installed in 1992. A brief civil war in 1997 restored former Marxist President SASSOU-NGUESSO.

      Geography Congo, Republic of the

      Location: Western Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between

       Angola and Gabon

      Geographic coordinates: 1 00 S, 15 00 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area: total: 342,000 sq km water: 500 sq km land: 341,500 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Montana

      Land boundaries: total: 5,504 km border countries: Angola 201 km, Cameroon 523 km, Central African Republic 467 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Gabon 1,903 km

      Coastline: 169 km

      Maritime claims: territorial sea: 200 NM

      Climate: tropical; rainy season (March to June); dry season (June to October); constantly high temperatures and humidity; particularly enervating climate astride the Equator

      Terrain: coastal plain, southern basin, central plateau, northern basin

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point:

       Mount Berongou 903 m

      Natural resources: petroleum, timber, potash, lead, zinc, uranium, copper, phosphates, natural gas, hydropower

      Land use: arable land: 1% permanent crops: 0% other: 99% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards: seasonal flooding

      Environment - current issues: air pollution from vehicle emissions; water pollution from the dumping of raw sewage; tap water is not potable; deforestation

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate

       Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection,

       Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified:

       Law of the Sea

      Geography - note: about 70% of the population lives in Brazzaville,

       СКАЧАТЬ