The 1991 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ rate (consumer prices): NA%

      _#_Unemployment: 6% overall, 10% for women (1989)

      _#_Budget: revenues $12.46 billion; expenditures $14.45 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1990 est.)

      _#_Exports: $5.4 billion (f.o.b., 1989);

      commodities—sugar, nickel, shellfish, citrus, tobacco, coffee;

      partners—USSR 67%, GDR 6%, China 4% (1988)

      _#_Imports: $8.1 billion (c.i.f., 1989);

      commodities—capital goods, industrial raw materials, food, petroleum;

      partners—USSR 71%, other Communist countries 15% (1988)

      _#_External debt: $6.8 billion (convertible currency, July 1989)

      _#_Industrial production: 3% (1988); accounts for 45% of GDP

      _#_Electricity: 3,890,000 kW capacity; 16,267 million kWh produced, 1,530 kWh per capita (1990)

      _#_Industries: sugar milling, petroleum refining, food and tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, paper and wood products, metals (particularly nickel), cement, fertilizers, consumer goods, agricultural machinery

      _#_Agriculture: accounts for 11% of GNP (including fishing and forestry); key commercial crops—sugarcane, tobacco, and citrus fruits; other products—coffee, rice, potatoes, meat, beans; world's largest sugar exporter; not self-sufficient in food (excluding sugar)

      _#_Economic aid: Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970–88), $695 million; Communist countries (1970–89), $18.5 billion

      _#_Currency: Cuban peso (plural—pesos); 1 Cuban peso (Cu$) = 100 centavos

      _#_Exchange rates: Cuban pesos (Cu$) per US$1—1.0000 (linked to the US dollar)

      _#_Fiscal year: calendar year

      _*Communications #_Railroads: 14,925 km total; Cuban National Railways operates 5,295 km of 1.435-meter gauge track; 199 km electrified; 9,630 km of sugar plantation lines of 0.914–1.435-meter gauge

      _#_Highways: 26,477 km total; 14,477 km paved, 12,000 km gravel and earth surfaced (1989 est.)

      _#_Inland waterways: 240 km

      _#_Ports: Cienfuegos, Havana, Mariel, Matanzas, Santiago de Cuba; 7 secondary, 35 minor

      _#_Merchant marine: 87 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 638,462 GRT/925,380 DWT; includes 54 cargo, 9 refrigerated cargo, 2 cargo/training, 12 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1 chemical tanker, 3 liquefied gas, 6 bulk; note—Cuba beneficially owns an additional 37 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 512,346 DWT under the registry of Panama, Cyprus, and Malta

      _#_Civil air: 59 major transport aircraft

      _#_Airports: 205 total, 176 usable; 75 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways over 3,659 m; 12 with runways 2,440–3,659 m; 25 with runways 1,220–2,439 m

      _#_Telecommunications: stations—150 AM, 5 FM, 58 TV; 1,530,000 TVs; 2,140,000 radios; 229,000 telephones; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station

      _*Defense Forces #_Branches: Revolutionary Armed Forces (including Ground Forces, Revolutionary Navy, Air and Air Defense Force), Ministry of Interior Special Troops, Border Guard Troops, Territorial Militia Troops, Youth Labor Army, Civil Defense, National Revolutionary Police

      _#_Manpower availability: eligible 15–49, 6,087,253; of the 3,054,158 males 15–49, 1,914,080 are fit for military service; of the 3,033,095 females 15–49, 1,896,449 are fit for military service; 89,194 males and 85,968 females reach military age (17) annually

      _#Defense expenditures: $1.2-$1.4 billion, 6% of GNP (1989 est.) % @Cyprus *Geography #_Total area: 9,250 km2; land area: 9,240 km2

      _#_Comparative area: about 0.7 times the size of Connecticut

      _#_Land boundaries: none

      _#_Coastline: 648 km

      _#_Maritime claims:

      Continental shelf: 200 m (depth) or to depth of exploitation;

      Territorial sea: 12 nm

      _#_Disputes: 1974 hostilities divided the island into two de facto autonomous areas—a Greek area controlled by the Cypriot Government (60% of the island's land area) and a Turkish-Cypriot area (35% of the island) that are separated by a narrow UN buffer zone; in addition, there are two UK sovereign base areas (about 5% of the island's land area)

      _#_Climate: temperate, Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters

      _#_Terrain: central plain with mountains to north and south

      _#_Natural resources: copper, pyrites, asbestos, gypsum, timber, salt, marble, clay earth pigment

      _#_Land use: arable land 40%; permanent crops 7%; meadows and pastures 10%; forest and woodland 18%; other 25%; includes irrigated 10% (most irrigated lands are in the Turkish-Cypriot area of the island)

      _#_Environment: moderate earthquake activity; water resource problems (no natural reservoir catchments, seasonal disparity in rainfall, and most potable resources concentrated in the Turkish-Cypriot area)

      _*People #_Population: 709,343 (July 1991), growth rate 1.0% (1991)

      _#_Birth rate: 18 births/1,000 population (1991)

      _#_Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1991)

      _#_Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)

      _#_Infant mortality rate: 10 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)

      _#_Life expectancy at birth: 73 years male, 78 years female (1991)

      _#_Total fertility rate: 2.4 children born/woman (1991)

      _#_Nationality: noun—Cypriot(s); adjective—Cypriot

      _#_Ethnic divisions: Greek 78%; Turkish 18%; other 4%

      _#_Religion: Greek Orthodox 78%, Muslim 18%, Maronite, Armenian, Apostolic, and other 4%

      _#_Language: Greek, Turkish, English

      _#_Literacy: 90% (male 96%, female 85%) age 10 and over can read and write (1976)

      _#_Labor force: Greek area—246,100; services 42%, industry 33%, agriculture 22%; Turkish area—NA (1989)

      _#_Organized labor: 156,000 (1985 est.)

      _*Government #_Long-form name: Republic of Cyprus

      _#_Type: republic; a disaggregation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting the island began after the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified following the Turkish invasion of the island in July 1974, which gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government; on 15 СКАЧАТЬ