The 1991 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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      Alliance of the Alliance for Social Democracy (ASD) and Bloc for

       Social Democracy (BSD), Robert DOSSOU;

      Alliance of the Alliance for Democracy and Progress (ADP) and

       Democratic Union for Social Renewal (UDRS), Bio Gado Seko N'GOYE;

       National Union for Democracy and Progress (UNDP), Robert TAGNON;

       numerous other small parties

      _#_Suffrage: universal at age 18

      _#_Elections:

      President—last held 10 and 24 March 1991 (next to be held March 1996); results—Nicephore SOGLO 68%, Mathieu KEREKOU 32%;

      National Assembly—last held 10 and 24 March 1991 (next to be held March 1996); results—NA percent of the vote; seats—(64 total) UDFP-MDPS-ULD 12, PNDD/PRD 9, PSD/UNSP 8, NCC 7, RND 7, MNDD/MSUP/UDRN 6, UDS 5, RDL 4, ASD/BSD 3, ADP/UDRS 2, UNDP 1

      _#_Communists: Communist Party of Dahomey (PCD) remains active

      _#_Member of: ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CEAO, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ,

       G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT,

       INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU,

       WADB, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

      _#_Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Candide AHOUANSOU; Charge d'Affaires Corneille MEHISSOU; Chancery at 2737 Cathedral Avenue NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone (202) 232–6656;

      US—Ambassador Harriet ISOM; Embassy at Rue Caporal Anani Bernard, Cotonou (mailing address is B. P. 2012, Cotonou); telephone [229] 30–06-50

      _#_Flag: two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and red with a vertical green band on the hoist side

      _*Economy #_Overview: Benin is one of the least developed countries in the world because of limited natural resources and a poorly developed infrastructure. Agriculture accounts for almost 40% of GDP, employs about 60% of the labor force, and generates a major share of foreign exchange earnings. The industrial sector contributes only about 15% to GDP and employs 2% of the work force. Persistently low prices in recent years have limited hard currency earnings from Benin's major exports of agricultural products and crude oil.

      _#_GDP: $2.0 billion, per capita $400; real growth rate 2.6% (1990)

      _#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.0% (1990)

      _#_Unemployment: NA%

      _#_Budget: revenues $194 million; expenditures $390 million, including capital expenditures of $104 million (1990 est.)

      _#_Exports: $250 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.);

      commodities—crude oil, cotton, palm products, cocoa;

      partners—FRG 36%, France 16%, Spain 14%, Italy 8%, UK 4%

      _#_Imports: $442 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.);

      commodities—foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco, petroleum products, intermediate goods, capital goods, light consumer goods;

      partners—France 34%, Netherlands 10%, Japan 7%, Italy 6%, US 4%

      _#_External debt: $1.0 billion (December 1990 est.)

      _#_Industrial production: growth rate - 0.7% (1988); accounts for 30% of GDP

      _#_Electricity: 28,000 kW capacity; 24 million kWh produced, 5 kWh per capita (1989)

      _#_Industries: textiles,cigarettes, construction materials, beverages, food production, petroleum

      _#_Agriculture: small farms produce 90% of agricultural output; production is dominated by food crops—corn, sorghum, cassava, beans, and rice; cash crops include cotton, palm oil, and peanuts; poultry and livestock output has not kept up with consumption

      _#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70–89), $46 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970–88), $1.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979–89), $19 million; Communist countries (1970–89), $101 million

      _#_Currency: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural—francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

      _#_Exchange rates: Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1—256.54 (January 1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987), 346.30 (1986), 449.26 (1985)

      _#_Fiscal year: calendar year

      _*Communications #_Railroads: 578 km, all 1.000-meter gauge, single track

      _#_Highways: 5,050 km total; 920 km paved, 2,600 laterite, 1,530 km improved earth

      _#_Inland waterways: navigable along small sections, important only locally

      _#_Ports: Cotonou

      _#_Civil air: 3 major transport aircraft

      _#_Airports: 6 total, 4 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 2,439 m; 4 with runways 1,220–2,439 m

      _#_Telecommunications: fair system of open wire, submarine cable, and radio relay; 16,200 telephones; stations—2 AM, 2 FM, 1 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT satellite earth station

      _*Defense Forces #_Branches: People's Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force), National Gendarmerie, People's Militia, Presidential Guard

      _#_Manpower availability: eligible 15–49, 2,089,646; of the 991,278 males 15–49, 507,482 are fit for military service; of the 1,098,368 females 15–49, 554,454 are fit for military service; about 57,106 males and 55,297 females reach military age (18) annually; both sexes are liable for military service

      _#Defense expenditures: $38 million, 2.3% of GDP (1988) % @Bermuda (dependent territory of the UK) *Geography #_Total area: 50 km2; land area: 50 km2

      _#_Comparative area: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

      _#_Land boundaries: none

      _#_Coastline: 103 km

      _#_Maritime claims:

      Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm;

      Territorial sea: 12 nm

      _#_Climate: subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter

      _#_Terrain: low hills separated by fertile depressions

      _#_Natural resources: limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism

      _#_Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 20%; other 80%

      _#_Environment: ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; consists of about 360 small coral islands

      _#_Note: 1,050 km east of North Carolina; some СКАЧАТЬ