The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ but because of high income inequality, a large proportion of the population remains poor. Gabon depended on timber and manganese until oil was discovered offshore in the early 1970s. The oil sector now accounts for 50% of GDP. Gabon continues to face fluctuating prices for its oil, timber, and manganese exports. Despite the abundance of natural wealth, poor fiscal management hobbles the economy. The devaluation of the CFA franc - its currency - by 50% in January 1994 sparked a one-time inflationary surge, to 35%; the rate dropped to 6% in 1996. The IMF provided a one-year standby arrangement in 1994–95, a three-year Enhanced Financing Facility (EFF) at near commercial rates beginning in late 1995, and stand-by credit of $119 million in October 2000. Those agreements mandated progress in privatization and fiscal discipline. France provided additional financial support in January 1997 after Gabon met IMF targets for mid-1996. In 1997, an IMF mission to Gabon criticized the government for overspending on off-budget items, overborrowing from the central bank, and slipping on its schedule for privatization and administrative reform. The rebound of oil prices since 1999 have helped growth, but drops in production have hampered Gabon from fully realizing potential gains, and will continue to temper the gains for most of this decade. In December 2000, Gabon signed a new agreement with the Paris Club to reschedule its official debt. A follow-up bilateral repayment agreement with the US was signed in December 2001. Gabon signed a 14-month Stand-By Arrangement with the IMF in May 2004, and received Paris Club debt rescheduling later that year. Short-term progress depends on an upbeat world economy and fiscal and other adjustments in line with IMF policies.

      GDP (purchasing power parity):

      $20.44 billion (2007 est.)

      GDP (official exchange rate):

      $11.3 billion (2007 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

      6.2% (2007 est.)

      GDP - per capita (PPP):

      $14,000 (2007 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector:

      agriculture: 6.1% industry: 58% services: 35.9% (2007 est.)

      Labor force:

      582,000 (2007 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation:

      agriculture: 60% industry: 15% services: 25%

      Unemployment rate:

      21% (2006 est.)

      Population below poverty line:

      NA%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

      lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

      Investment (gross fixed):

      24.2% of GDP (2007 est.)

      Budget:

      revenues: $3.536 billion expenditures: $2.347 billion (2007 est.)

      Fiscal year:

      calendar year

      Public debt:

      52.8% of GDP (2007 est.)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices):

      5% (2007 est.)

      Central bank discount rate:

      5.25% (31 December 2007)

      Commercial bank prime lending rate:

      15% (31 December 2007)

      Stock of money:

      $1.547 billion (31 December 2007)

      Stock of quasi money:

      $799.3 million (31 December 2007)

      Stock of domestic credit:

      $359.8 million (31 December 2007)

      Agriculture - products:

      cocoa, coffee, sugar, palm oil, rubber; cattle; okoume (a tropical softwood); fish

      Industries:

      petroleum extraction and refining; manganese, gold; chemicals, ship repair, food and beverages, textiles, lumbering and plywood, cement

      Industrial production growth rate:

      5.2% (2007 est.)

      Electricity - production:

      1.671 billion kWh (2006 est.)

      Electricity - consumption:

      1.365 billion kWh (2006 est.)

      Electricity - exports:

      0 kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - imports:

      0 kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - production by source:

      fossil fuel: 34.5% hydro: 65.5% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)

      Oil - production:

      243,900 bbl/day (2007 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

      13,170 bbl/day (2006 est.)

      Oil - exports:

      255,500 bbl/day (2005)

      Oil - imports:

      2,485 bbl/day (2005)

      Oil - proved reserves:

      2 billion bbl (1 January 2008 est.)

      Natural gas - production:

      100 million cu m (2006 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

      100 million cu m (2006 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - proved reserves:

      28.32 billion cu m (1 January 2008 est.)

      Current account balance:

      $1.552 billion (2007 est.)

      Exports:

      $6.956 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)

      Exports СКАЧАТЬ