The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ sq km

      Natural hazards:

      Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are inactive volcanoes; Iles Eparses subject to periodic cyclones; Bassas da India is a maritime hazard since it is under water for a period of three hours prior to and following the high tide and surrounded by reefs

      Environment - current issues:

      introduction of foreign species on Iles Crozet has caused severe damage to the original ecosystem; overfishing of Patagonian Toothfish around Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen

      Geography - note:

      islands component is widely scattered across remote locations in the southern Indian Ocean Bassas da India (Iles Eparses): the atoll is a circular reef that sits atop a long-extinct, submerged volcano Europa Island and Juan de Nova Island (Iles Eparses): wildlife sanctuary for seabirds and sea turtles Glorioso Island (Iles Eparses): the islands and rocks are surrounded by an extensive reef system Tromelin Island (Iles Eparses): climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones in the western Indian Ocean; wildlife sanctuary (seabirds, tortoises)

      People

       French Southern and Antarctic Lands

      Population:

      no indigenous inhabitants Ile Amsterdam (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul): has no permanent residents but has a meteorological station Ile Saint-Paul (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul): is uninhabited but is frequently visited by fishermen and has a scientific research cabin for short stays Iles Crozet: are uninhabited except for 18 to 30 people staffing the Alfred Faure research station on Ile del la Possession Iles Kerguelen: 50 to 100 scientists are located at the main base at Port-aux-Francais on Ile Kerguelen Bassas da India (Iles Eparses): uninhabitable Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island (Iles Eparses): a small French military garrison and a few meteorologists on each possession; visited by scientists Tromelin Island (Iles Eparses): uninhabited, except for visits by scientists

      Government

       French Southern and Antarctic Lands

      Country name:

      conventional long form: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands conventional short form: French Southern and Antarctic Lands local long form: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises local short form: Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises abbreviation: TAAF

      Dependency status:

      overseas territory of France since 1955; administered from Paris by Administrateur Superieur Eric PILLOTON (since 10 April 2007)

      Administrative divisions:

      none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are five administrative districts named Iles Crozet, Iles Eparses, Iles Kerguelen, Ile Saint-Paul et Ile Amsterdam; the fifth district is the "Adelie Land" claim in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US

      Legal system:

      the laws of France, where applicable, apply

      Executive branch:

      chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Senior Administrator Rollon MOUCHEL-BLAISOT (16 October 2008)

      International organization participation:

      UPU

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

      none (overseas territory of France)

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

      none (overseas territory of France)

      Flag description:

      the flag of France is used

      Economy

       French Southern and Antarctic Lands

      Economy - overview:

      Economic activity is limited to servicing meteorological and geophysical research stations, military bases, and French and other fishing fleets. The fish catches landed on Iles Kerguelen by foreign ships are exported to France and Reunion.

      Communications

       French Southern and Antarctic Lands

      Internet country code:

      .tf

      Internet hosts:

      38 (2008)

      Communications - note:

      one or more meteorological stations on each possession; note - meteorological station on Tromelin Island (Iles Eparses) is important for forecasting cyclones

      Transportation

       French Southern and Antarctic Lands

      Airports:

      4 (one each on Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, and Tromelin Island in the Iles Eparses district) (2006)

      Ports and terminals:

      none; offshore anchorage only

      Transportation - note:

      aids to navigation - lighthouses: Europa Island 18m; Juan de Nova Island (W side) 37m; Tromelin Island (NW point) 11m (all in the Iles Eparses district)

      Military

       French Southern and Antarctic Lands

      Military - note:

      defense is the responsibility of France

      Transnational Issues

       French Southern and Antarctic Lands

      Disputes - international:

      French claim to "Adelie Land" in Antarctica is not recognized by the

       US

       Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova

       Island (Iles Eparses): claimed by Madagascar

       Tromelin Island (Iles Eparses): claimed by Mauritius

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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      @Gabon

      Introduction

       Gabon

      Background:

      Only two autocratic presidents have ruled Gabon since independence from France in 1960. The current president of Gabon, El Hadj Omar BONGO Ondimba СКАЧАТЬ