The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ (1999)

      Internet country code:

      .af

      Internet hosts:

      31 (2008)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

      1 (2000)

      Internet users:

      580,000 (2007)

      Communications - note:

      Internet access is growing through Internet cafes as well as public "telekiosks" in Kabul (2005)

      Transportation

       Afghanistan

      Airports:

      46 (2007)

      Airports - with paved runways:

      total: 12 over 3,047 m: 4 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2007)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

      total: 34 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 9 (2007)

      Heliports:

      9 (2007)

      Pipelines:

      gas 466 km (2007)

      Roadways:

      total: 42,150 km paved: 12,350 km unpaved: 29,800 km (2006)

      Waterways:

      1,200 km (chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to 500 DWT) (2007)

      Ports and terminals:

      Kheyrabad, Shir Khan

      Military

       Afghanistan

      Military branches:

      Afghan Armed Forces: Afghan National Army (ANA, includes Afghan

       National Army Air Corps) (2008)

      Military service age and obligation:

      22 years of age; inductees are contracted into service for a 4-year term (2005)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 7,431,147 females age 16–49: 7,004,819 (2008 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 4,234,180 females age 16–49: 3,946,685 (2008 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 371,451 female: 351,295 (2008 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      1.9% of GDP (2006 est.)

      Transnational Issues

       Afghanistan

      Disputes - international:

      Pakistan has built fences in some portions of its border with Afghanistan which remains open in some areas to foreign terrorists and other illegal activities

      Refugees and internally displaced persons:

      IDPs: 132,246 (mostly Pashtuns and Kuchis displaced in south and west due to drought and instability) (2007)

      Illicit drugs:

      world's largest producer of opium; poppy cultivation increased 17% to a near-record 202,000 hectares in 2007; good growing conditions pushed potential opium production to a record 8,000 metric tons, up 42% from last year; if the entire opium crop were processed, 947 metric tons of heroin potentially could be produced; drug trade is a source of instability and the Taliban and other antigovernment groups participate in and profit from the drug trade; widespread corruption impedes counterdrug efforts; most of the heroin consumed in Europe and Eurasia is derived from Afghan opium; vulnerable to drug money laundering through informal financial networks; regional source of hashish

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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      @Akrotiri

      Introduction

       Akrotiri

      Background:

      By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area.

      Geography

       Akrotiri

      Location:

      Eastern Mediterranean, peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus

      Geographic coordinates:

      34 37 N, 32 58 E

      Map references:

      Middle East

      Area:

      total: 123 sq km note: includes a salt lake and wetlands

      Area - comparative:

      about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries:

      total: 47.4 km border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km

      Coastline:

      56.3 km

      Climate:

      temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters

      Environment - current issues:

      shooting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base

      Geography - note:

      British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area land, 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land

      People

       Akrotiri

      Population:

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