The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ [Ilhaj Saraj-u-din ZAFAREE];

       People's Freedom Seekers Party of Afghanistan [Feda Mohammad EHSAS];

       People's Liberal Freedom Seekers Party of Afghanistan [Ajmal

       SUHAIL]; People's Message Party of Afghanistan [Noor Aqa WAINEE];

       People's Movement of the National Unity of Afghanistan [Abdul Hakim

       NOORZAI]; People's Party of Afghanistan [Ahmad Shah ASAR]; People's

       Prosperity Party of Afghanistan [Ustad Mohammad ZAREEF]; People's

       Sovereignty Movement of Afghanistan [Hayatullah SUBHANEE]; People's

       Uprising Party of Afghanistan [Sayed Zahir Qayed Omul BELADI];

       People's Welfare Party of Afghanistan [Mia Gul WASIQ]; People's

       Welfare Party of Afghanistan [Mohammad Zubair PAIROZ]; Progressive

       Democratic Party of Afghanistan [Wali ARYA]; Republican Party

       [Sebghatullah SANJAR]; Solidarity Party of Afghanistan [Abdul Khaleq

       NEMAT]; The Afghanistan's Mujahid Nation's Islamic Unity Movement

       [Saeedullah SAEED]; The People of Afghanistan's Democratic Movement

       [Sharif NAZARI]; Tribes Solidarity Party of Afghanistan [Mohammad

       Zarif NASERI]; Understanding and Democracy Party of Afghanistan

       [Ahamad SHAHEEN]; United Afghanistan Party [Mohammad Wasil RAHIMEE];

       United Islamic Party of Afghanistan [Wahidullah SABAWOON]; Young

       Afghanistan's Islamic Organization [Sayed Jawad HUSSINEE]; Youth

       Solidarity Party of Afghanistan [Mohammad Jamil KARZAI]; note -

       includes only political parties approved by the Ministry of Justice

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

      other: religious groups; tribal leaders

      International organization participation:

      ADB, CP, ECO, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IDB, IFAD,

       IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITSO,

       ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), SAARC, SACEP, SCO

       (guest), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO,

       WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador Said Tayeb JAWAD chancery: 2341 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483–6410 FAX: [1] (202) 483–6488 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador William B. WOOD embassy: The Great Masood Road, Kabul mailing address: U.S. Embassy Kabul, APO, AE 09806 telephone: [93] 0700 108 001 FAX: [93] 0700 108 564

      Flag description:

      three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), red, and green, with the national emblem in white centered on the red band and slightly overlapping the other two bands; the center of the emblem features a mosque with pulpit and flags on either side, below the mosque are numerals for the solar year 1298 (1919 in the Gregorian calendar, the year of Afghan independence from the UK); this central image is circled by a border consisting of sheaves of wheat on the left and right, in the upper-center is an Arabic inscription of the Shahada (Muslim creed) below which are rays of the rising sun over the Takbir (Arabic expression meaning "God is great"), and at bottom center is a scroll bearing the name Afghanistan

      Economy

       Afghanistan

      Economy - overview:

      Afghanistan's economy is recovering from decades of conflict. The economy has improved significantly since the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001 largely because of the infusion of international assistance, the recovery of the agricultural sector, and service sector growth. Real GDP growth exceeded 7% in 2007. Despite the progress of the past few years, Afghanistan is extremely poor, landlocked, and highly dependent on foreign aid, agriculture, and trade with neighboring countries. Much of the population continues to suffer from shortages of housing, clean water, electricity, medical care, and jobs. Criminality, insecurity, and the Afghan Government's inability to extend rule of law to all parts of the country pose challenges to future economic growth. It will probably take the remainder of the decade and continuing donor aid and attention to significantly raise Afghanistan's living standards from its current level, among the lowest in the world. International pledges made by more than 60 countries and international financial institutions at the Berlin Donors Conference for Afghan reconstruction in March 2004 reached $8.9 billion for 2004–09. While the international community remains committed to Afghanistan's development, pledging over $24 billion at three donors' conferences since 2002, Kabul will need to overcome a number of challenges. Expanding poppy cultivation and a growing opium trade generate roughly $4 billion in illicit economic activity and looms as one of Kabul's most serious policy concerns. Other long-term challenges include: budget sustainability, job creation, corruption, government capacity, and rebuilding war torn infrastructure.

      GDP (purchasing power parity):

      $35 billion (2007 est.)

      GDP (official exchange rate):

      $8.842 billion (2007 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

      11.5% (2007 est.)

      GDP - per capita (PPP):

      $1,000 (2007 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector:

      agriculture: 38% industry: 24% services: 38% note: data exclude opium production (2005 est.)

      Labor force:

      15 million (2004 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation:

      agriculture: 80% industry: 10% services: 10% (2004 est.)

      Unemployment rate:

      40% (2005 est.)

      Population below poverty line:

      53% (2003)

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

      lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

      Budget:

      revenues: $715 million expenditures: $2.6 billion note: Afghanistan has also received $273 million from the Reconstruction Trust Fund and $63 million from the Law and Order Trust Fund (2007 est.)

      Fiscal year:

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