The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ Accioly CAMPOS];

       Christian Labor Party or PTC [Daniel TOURINHO]; Communist Party of

       Brazil or PCdoB [Jose Renato RABELO]; Democratic Labor Party or PDT

       [Carlos Roberto LUPI]; the Democrats or DEM (formerly Liberal Front

       Party or PFL) [Federal Deputy Rodrigo MAIA]; Freedom and Socialism

       Party or PSOL [Heloisa HELENA]; Green Party or PV [Jose Luiz de

       Franca PENNA]; Humanist Party of Solidarity or PHS [Paulo Roberto

       MATOS]; Labor Party of Brazil or PTdoB [Luis Henrique de Oliveira

       RESENDE]; Liberal Front Party or PFL (now known as the Democrats or

       DEM); National Mobilization Party or PMN [Oscar Noronha FILHO];

       Party of the Republic or PR [Sergio TAMER]; Popular Socialist Party

       or PPS [Federal Deputy Fernando CORUJA]; Progressive Party or PP

       [Francisco DORNELLES]; Social Christian Party or PSC [Vitor Jorge

       Abdala NOSSEIS]; Workers' Party or PT [Ricardo Jose Ribeiro BERZOINI]

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

      Landless Workers' Movement or MST other: labor unions and federations; large farmers' associations; religious groups including evangelical Christian churches and the Catholic Church

      International organization participation:

      AfDB (nonregional members), BIS, CAN (associate), CPLP, FAO, G-15,

       G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC,

       IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO,

       ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, MINUSTAH,

       NAM (observer), NSG, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD,

       UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMIS,

       UNMIT, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador Antonio de Aguiar PATRIOTA chancery: 3006 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 238–2700 FAX: [1] (202) 238–2827 consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador Clifford M. SOBEL embassy: Avenida das Nacoes, Quadra 801, Lote 3, Distrito Federal Cep 70403–900, Brasilia mailing address: Unit 3500, APO AA 34030 telephone: [55] (61) 3312–7000 FAX: [55] (61) 3225–9136 consulate(s) general: Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo consulate(s): Recife

      Flag description:

      green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars (one for each state and the Federal District) arranged in the same pattern as the night sky over Brazil; the globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress)

      Economy

       Brazil

      Economy - overview:

      Characterized by large and well-developed agricultural, mining, manufacturing, and service sectors, Brazil's economy outweighs that of all other South American countries and is expanding its presence in world markets. Having weathered 2001–03 financial turmoil, capital inflows are regaining strength and the currency has resumed appreciating. The appreciation has slowed export volume growth, but since 2004, Brazil's growth has yielded increases in employment and real wages. The resilience in the economy stems from commodity-driven current account surpluses, and sound macroeconomic policies that have bolstered international reserves to historically high levels, reduced public debt, and allowed a significant decline in real interest rates. A floating exchange rate, an inflation-targeting regime, and a tight fiscal policy are the three pillars of the economic program. From 2003 to 2007, Brazil ran record trade surpluses and recorded its first current account surpluses since 1992. Productivity gains coupled with high commodity prices contributed to the surge in exports. Brazil improved its debt profile in 2006 by shifting its debt burden toward real denominated and domestically held instruments. "LULA" DA SILVA restated his commitment to fiscal responsibility by maintaining the country's primary surplus during the 2006 election. Following his second inauguration, "LULA" DA SILVA announced a package of further economic reforms to reduce taxes and increase investment in infrastructure. The government's goal of achieving strong growth while reducing the debt burden is likely to create inflationary pressures.

      GDP (purchasing power parity):

      $1.849 trillion (2007 est.)

      GDP (official exchange rate):

      $1.314 trillion (2007 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

      5.4% (2007 est.)

      GDP - per capita (PPP):

      $9,500 (2007 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector:

      agriculture: 5.5% industry: 28.7% services: 65.8% (2007 est.)

      Labor force:

      99.23 million (2007 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation:

      agriculture: 20% industry: 14% services: 66% (2003 est.)

      Unemployment rate:

      9.3% (2007 est.)

      Population below poverty line:

      31% (2005)

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

      lowest 10%: 0.9% highest 10%: 44.8% (2004)

      Distribution of family income - Gini index:

      56.7 (2005)

      Investment (gross fixed):

      17.6% of GDP (2007 est.)

      Budget:

      revenues: $244 billion expenditures: $219.9 billion (FY07)

      Fiscal year:

      calendar year

      Public debt:

      45.1% of GDP (2007 est.)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices):

      3.6% (2007 est.)

      Central bank discount rate:

      17.85% (31 December 2007)

СКАЧАТЬ