The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       mailing address: PSC 116, APO AE 09777

       telephone: [33] (1) 43–12-22–22

       FAX: [33] (1) 42 66 97 83

       consulate(s) general: Marseille, Strasbourg

      Flag description:

       three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), white, and red;

       known as the "Le drapeau tricolore" (French Tricolor), the origin of

       the flag dates to 1790 and the French Revolution; the design and/or

       colors are similar to a number of other flags, including those of

       Belgium, Chad, Ireland, Cote d'Ivoire, Luxembourg, and Netherlands;

       the official flag for all French dependent areas

      Economy France

      Economy - overview:

       France is in the midst of transition, from a well-to-do modern

       economy that has featured extensive government ownership and

       intervention to one that relies more on market mechanisms. The

       Socialist-led government partially or fully privatized many large

       companies, banks, and insurers, but the government retains

       controlling stakes in several leading firms, including Air France,

       France Telecom, Renault, and Thales, and is dominant in some

       sectors, particularly power, public transport, and defense

       industries. The telecommunications sector is gradually being opened

       to competition. France's leaders remain committed to a capitalism in

       which they maintain social equity by means of laws, tax policies,

       and social spending that reduce income disparity and the impact of

       free markets on public health and welfare. The current government

       has lowered income taxes and introduced measures to boost

       employment. The government is focusing on the problems of the high

       cost of labor and labor market inflexibility resulting from the

       35-hour workweek and restrictions on lay-offs. The government is

       also pushing for pension reforms and simplification of

       administrative procedures. The tax burden remains one of the highest

       in Europe (43.8% of GDP in 2003). The current economic slowdown and

       inflexible budget items have pushed the 2003 deficit to 4% of GDP,

       above the EU's 3% debt limit. Business investment remains listless

       because of low rates of capital utilization, sluggish demand, high

       debt, and the steep cost of capital.

      GDP:

       purchasing power parity - $1.661 trillion (2003 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

       0.5% (2003 est.)

      GDP - per capita:

       purchasing power parity - $27,600 (2003 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 2.7% industry: 24.4% services: 72.9% (2003 est.)

      Investment (gross fixed):

       19.2% of GDP (2003)

      Population below poverty line:

       6.5% (2000)

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.8% highest 10%: 25.1% (1995)

      Distribution of family income - Gini index:

       32.7 (1995)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       2.1% (2003 est.)

      Labor force:

       27.39 million (2003 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation:

       agriculture 4.1%, industry 24.4%, services 71.5% (1999)

      Unemployment rate:

       9.7% (2003 est.)

      Budget:

       revenues: $882.8 billion

       expenditures: $955.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $23

       billion (2003 est.)

      Public debt:

       68.8% of GDP (2003)

      Agriculture - products:

       wheat, cereals, sugar beets, potatoes, wine grapes; beef, dairy

       products; fish

      Industries:

       machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft,

       electronics; textiles, food processing; tourism

      Industrial production growth rate:

       −0.3% (2003)

      Electricity - production:

       520.1 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - consumption:

       415.3 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - exports:

       72.6 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - imports:

       4.2 billion kWh (2001)

      Oil - production:

       34,920 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

       2.026 million bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - exports:

       409,600 bbl/day (2001)

      Oil - imports:

       2.281 million bbl/day (2001)

      Oil - proved reserves:

       144.3 million bbl (1 January 2002)

      Natural gas - production:

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