The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ embassy: Itainen Puistotie 14B, FIN-00140, Helsinki

       mailing address: APO AE 09723

       telephone: [358] (9) 616250

       FAX: [358] (9) 6162 5800

      Flag description:

       white with a blue cross extending to the edges of the flag; the

       vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style

       of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)

      Economy Finland

      Economy - overview:

       Finland has a highly industrialized, largely free-market economy,

       with per capita output roughly that of the UK, France, Germany, and

       Italy. Its key economic sector is manufacturing - principally the

       wood, metals, engineering, telecommunications, and electronics

       industries. Trade is important, with exports equaling one-third of

       GDP. Except for timber and several minerals, Finland depends on

       imports of raw materials, energy, and some components for

       manufactured goods. Because of the climate, agricultural development

       is limited to maintaining self-sufficiency in basic products.

       Forestry, an important export earner, provides a secondary

       occupation for the rural population. Rapidly increasing integration

       with Western Europe - Finland was one of the 12 countries joining

       the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) - will dominate the

       economic picture over the next several years. Growth in 2003 was

       held back by the global slowdown but will pick up in 2004 provided

       the world economy suffers no further blows.

      GDP:

       purchasing power parity - $142.2 billion (2003 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

       1.9% (2003 est.)

      GDP - per capita:

       purchasing power parity - $27,400 (2003 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 4.3% industry: 32.7% services: 62.9% (2003 est.)

      Investment (gross fixed):

       18% of GDP (2003)

      Population below poverty line:

       NA

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 4.2% highest 10%: 21.6% (1991)

      Distribution of family income - Gini index:

       25.6 (1991)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       0.9% (2003 est.)

      Labor force:

       2.599 million (2003 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation: agriculture and forestry 8%, industry 22%, construction 6%, commerce 14%, finance, insurance, and business services 10%, transport and communications 8%, public services 32%

      Unemployment rate:

       9% (2003 est.)

      Budget:

       revenues: $87.03 billion

       expenditures: $81.62 billion, including capital expenditures of NA

       (2003 est.)

      Public debt:

       48.7% of GDP (2003)

      Agriculture - products:

       barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes; dairy cattle; fish

      Industries:

       metal products, electronics, shipbuilding, pulp and paper, copper

       refining, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing

      Industrial production growth rate:

       0.8% (2003 est.)

      Electricity - production:

       71.2 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - consumption:

       76.18 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - exports:

       1.81 billion kWh (2001)

      Electricity - imports:

       11.77 billion kWh (2001)

      Oil - production:

       0 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

       211,400 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - exports:

       101,000 bbl/day (2001)

      Oil - imports:

       318,300 bbl/day (2001)

      Natural gas - production:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

       4.557 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

       4.567 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Current account balance:

       $10.3 billion (2003)

      Exports:

       $54.28 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

      Exports - commodities:

       machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals; timber, paper, pulp

       (1999)

      Exports - partners:

       Germany 11.8%, Sweden 9.9%, US 8.2%, UK 8%, Russia 7.5%,

       Netherlands 4.8% (2003)

      Imports:

       $37.35 billion f.o.b. (2003 СКАЧАТЬ