The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ Finland

      Location:

       Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and

       Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and Russia

      Geographic coordinates:

       64 00 N, 26 00 E

      Map references:

       Europe

      Area:

       total: 338,145 sq km

       water: 33,672 sq km

       land: 304,473 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly smaller than Montana

      Land boundaries: total: 2,690 km border countries: Norway 736 km, Sweden 614 km, Russia 1,340 km

      Coastline:

       1,250 km

      Maritime claims:

       territorial sea: 12 nm (in the Gulf of Finland - 3 nm)

       continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

       exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm; extends to continental shelf boundary

       with Sweden

      Climate:

       cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild

       because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current,

       Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes

      Terrain:

       mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low

       hills

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m

       highest point: Halti 1,328 m

      Natural resources:

       timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold,

       silver, limestone

      Land use: arable land: 7.19% permanent crops: 0.03% other: 92.78% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       640 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       NA

      Environment - current issues: air pollution from manufacturing and power plants contributing to acid rain; water pollution from industrial wastes, agricultural chemicals; habitat loss threatens wildlife populations

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air

       Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile

       Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol,

       Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity,

       Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification,

       Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes,

       Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone

       Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical

       Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants

      Geography - note:

       long boundary with Russia; Helsinki is northernmost national

       capital on European continent; population concentrated on small

       southwestern coastal plain

      People Finland

      Population:

       5,214,512 (July 2004 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 17.5% (male 466,036; female 448,339)

       15–64 years: 66.7% (male 1,760,472; female 1,719,917)

       65 years and over: 15.7% (male 323,082; female 496,666) (2004 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 40.7 years

       male: 39.1 years

       female: 42.2 years (2004 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       0.18% (2004 est.)

      Birth rate:

       10.56 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Death rate:

       9.69 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       0.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2004 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 3.59 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 3.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

       male: 3.91 deaths/1,000 live births

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 78.24 years

       male: 74.73 years

       female: 81.89 years (2004 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       1.73 children born/woman (2004 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       less than 0.1% (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       1,500 (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       СКАЧАТЬ