The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ but claimed by Comoros); the design, the most recent of several, is described in the constitution approved by referendum on 7 June 1992

      Economy

      Economy—overview: One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros is made up of three islands that have inadequate transportation links, a young and rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence level of economic activity, high unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture, including fishing, hunting, and forestry, is the leading sector of the economy. It contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports. The country is not self-sufficient in food production; rice, the main staple, accounts for the bulk of imports. The government is struggling to upgrade education and technical training, to privatize commercial and industrial enterprises, to improve health services, to diversify exports, to promote tourism, and to reduce the high population growth rate. Continued foreign support is essential if the goal of 4% annual GDP growth is to be maintained.

      GDP: purchasing power parity—$400 million (1997 est.)

      GDP—real growth rate: 3.5% (1997 est.)

      GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity?$700 (1997 est.)

      GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 40% industry: 14% services: 46% (1996 est.)

      Population below poverty line: NA%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

       lowest 10%: NA%

       highest 10%: NA%

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.5% (1997)

      Labor force: 144,500 (1996 est.)

      Labor force—by occupation: agriculture 80%, government 3%

      Unemployment rate: 20% (1996 est.)

      Budget:

       revenues: $48 million

       expenditures: $53 million, including capital expenditures of $NA

       (1997)

      Industries: tourism, perfume distillation, textiles, furniture,

       jewelry, construction materials, soft drinks

      Industrial production growth rate: NA%

      Electricity—production: 15 million kWh (1996)

      Electricity—production by source: fossil fuel: 86.67% hydro: 13.33% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1996)

      Electricity—consumption: 15 million kWh (1996)

      Electricity—exports: 0 kWh (1996)

      Electricity—imports: 0 kWh (1996)

      Agriculture—products: vanilla, cloves, perfume essences, copra, coconuts, bananas, cassava (tapioca)

      Exports: $11.4 million (f.o.b., 1996 est.)

      Exports—commodities: vanilla, ylang-ylang, cloves, perfume oil, copra

      Exports—partners: France 43%, US 43%, Germany 7% (1996)

      Imports: $70 million (f.o.b., 1996 est.)

      Imports—commodities: rice and other foodstuffs, consumer goods; petroleum products, cement, transport equipment

      Imports—partners: France 59%, South Africa 15%, Kenya 6% (1996)

      Debt—external: $219 million (1996 est.)

      Economic aid—recipient: $43.3 million (1995)

      Currency: 1 Comoran franc (CF) = 100 centimes

      Exchange rates: Comoran francs (CF) per US$1—420.01 (December 1998), 442.46 (1998), 437.75 (1997), 383.66 (1996), 374.36 (1995), 416.40 (1994)

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      Communications

      Telephones: 4,000 (1993 est.)

      Telephone system: sparse system of microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communication stations domestic: HF radiotelephone communications and microwave radio relay international: HF radiotelephone communications to Madagascar and Reunion

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 1, shortwave 0

      Radios: 81,000 (1994)

      Television broadcast stations: 0 (1998)

      Televisions: 200 (1994

      Transportation

      Railways: 0 km

      Highways: total: 880 km paved: 673 km unpaved: 207 km (1996 est.)

      Ports and harbors: Fomboni, Moroni, Moutsamoudou

      Merchant marine: none

      Airports: 4 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with paved runways: total: 4 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (1998 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Comoran Security Force

      Military manpower—availability:

       males age 15–49: 132,969 (1999 est.)

      Military manpower—fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 79,224 (1999 est.)

      Military expenditures—dollar figure: $3 million (1994 est.)

      Military expenditures—percent of GDP: NA%

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes—international: claims French-administered Mayotte; the islands of Anjouan (Nzwani) and Moheli (Mwali) have moved to secede from Comoros

      ======================================================================

      @Congo, Democratic Republic of the————————————————

      Geography

      Location: Central Africa, northeast of Angola

      Geographic coordinates: 0 00 N, 25 00 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area:

       total: 2,345,410 sq km

       land: 2,267,600 sq km

       water: 77,810 sq km

      Area—comparative: slightly less than one-fourth the size of the US

      Land boundaries:

       СКАЧАТЬ