The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       total: 342,000 sq km

       land: 341,500 sq km

       water: 500 sq km

      Area—comparative: slightly smaller than Montana

      Land boundaries:

       total: 5,504 km

       border countries: Angola 201 km, Cameroon 523 km, Central African

       Republic 467 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Gabon

       1,903 km

      Coastline: 169 km

      Maritime claims: territorial sea: 200 nm

      Climate: tropical; rainy season (March to June); dry season (June to October); constantly high temperatures and humidity; particularly enervating climate astride the Equator

      Terrain: coastal plain, southern basin, central plateau, northern basin

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Berongou 903 m

      Natural resources: petroleum, timber, potash, lead, zinc,

       uranium, copper, phosphates, natural gas

      Land use:

       arable land: 0%

       permanent crops: 0%

       permanent pastures: 29%

       forests and woodland: 62%

       other: 9% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: seasonal flooding

      Environment—current issues: air pollution from vehicle emissions; water pollution from the dumping of raw sewage; tap water is not potable; deforestation

      Environment—international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: Desertification, Law of the Sea

      Geography—note: about 70% of the population lives in Brazzaville,

       Pointe-Noire, or along the railroad between them

      People

      Population: 2,716,814 (July 1999 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 42% (male 579,940; female 573,847)

       15–64 years: 54% (male 718,820; female 751,911)

       65 years and over: 4% (male 36,987; female 55,309) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.16% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 37.96 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 16.33 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 100.58 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 47.14 years male: 45.42 years female: 48.92 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 4.89 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality:

       noun: Congolese (singular and plural)

       adjective: Congolese or Congo

      Ethnic groups: Kongo 48%, Sangha 20%, M'Bochi 12%, Teke 17%, Europeans NA%; note—Europeans estimated at 8,500, mostly French, before the 1997 civil war; may be half of that in 1998, following the widespread destruction of foreign businesses in 1997

      Religions: Christian 50%, animist 48%, Muslim 2%

      Languages: French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua

       franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which

       Kikongo has the most users)

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 74.9%

       male: 83.1%

       female: 67.2% (1995 est.)

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Republic of the Congo

       conventional short form: none

       local long form: Republique du Congo

       local short form: none

       former: Congo/Brazzaville, Congo

      Data code: CF

      Government type: republic

      Capital: Brazzaville

      Administrative divisions: 9 regions (regions, singular—region) and 1 commune*; Bouenza, Brazzaville*, Cuvette, Kouilou, Lekoumou, Likouala, Niari, Plateaux, Pool, Sangha

      Independence: 15 August 1960 (from France)

      National holiday: Congolese National Day, 15 August (1960)

      Constitution: new constitution approved by referendum March 1992 but is now being redrafted by President SASSOU-NGUESSO

      Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO (since 25 October

       1997, following the civil war in which he toppled elected president

       Pascal LISSOUBA); note—the president is both the chief of state and

       head of government

       head of government: normally the prime minister, appointed from the

       majority party by the president; however, since his inauguration,

       President Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO has been both chief of state and head

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