The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ branch:

      unicameral Parliament or Eduskunta (200 seats; members elected by popular vote on a proportional basis to serve four-year terms)

      elections: last held on 18 March 2007 (next to be held in April 2011)

      election results: percent of vote by party - Kesk 23.1%, Kok 22.3%, SDP 21.4%, VAS 8.8%, VIHR 8.5%, KD 4.9%, SFP 4.5%, True Finns 4.1%, other 3.4%; seats by party - Kesk 51, Kok 50, SDP 45, VAS 17, VIHR 15, SFP 9, KD 7, True Finns 5, other 1 (the constituency of Aland)

      Judicial branch:

      general courts - deal with criminal and civil cases (include district courts, Courts of Appeal, and the Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus, whose judges are appointed by the president); administrative courts

      Political parties and leaders:

      Center Party or Kesk [Mari KIVINIEMI]; Christian Democrats or KD

       [Paivi RASANEN]; Green Party or VIHR [Anni SINNEMAKI]; Left Alliance

       or VAS [Paavo ARHINMAKI]; National Coalition Party or Kok [Jyrki

       KATAINEN]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Jutta URPILAINEN];

       Swedish People's Party or SFP [Stefan WALLIN]; True Finns [Timo

       SOINI]

      International organization participation:

      ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council,

       Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU,

       FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA,

       IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU,

       ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD,

       OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD,

       UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOGIP, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO,

       WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador Pekka LINTU

      chancery: 3301 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

      telephone: [1] (202) 298–5800

      FAX: [1] (202) 298–6030

      consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador Bruce J. ORECK

      embassy: Itainen Puistotie 14B, 00140 Helsinki

      mailing address: APO AE 09723

      telephone: [358] (9) 616250

      FAX: [358] (9) 6162 5800

      Flag description:

      white with a blue cross extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag); the blue represents the thousands of lakes scattered across the country, while the white is for the snow that covers the land in winter

      National anthem:

      name: "Maamme" (Our Land)

      lyrics/music: Johan Ludvig RUNEBERG/Fredrik PACIUS

      note: in use since 1848; although never officially adopted by law, the anthem has been popular since it was first sung by a student group in 1848; Estonia's anthem uses the same melody as that of Finland

      Economy ::Finland

      Economy - overview:

      Finland has a highly industrialized, largely free-market economy with per capita output roughly that of Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Sweden. Trade is important with exports accounting for over one third of GDP in recent years. Finland is strongly competitive in manufacturing - principally the wood, metals, engineering, telecommunications, and electronics industries. Finland excels in high-tech exports such as mobile phones. Except for timber and several minerals, Finland depends on imports of raw materials, energy, and some components for manufactured goods. Because of the climate, agricultural development is limited to maintaining self-sufficiency in basic products. Forestry, an important export earner, provides a secondary occupation for the rural population. Finland had been one of the best performing economies within the EU in recent years and its banks and financial markets avoided the worst of global financial crisis. However, the world slowdown hit exports and domestic demand hard in 2009, with Finland experiencing one of the deepest contractions in the euro zone. A recovery of exports stimulated economic growth in 2010, and led to a lowering of unemployment. The recession left a deep mark on general government finances and the debt ratio, turning previously strong budget surpluses into deficits. In the next few years, the great challenge of economic policy will be to implement a post-recession exit strategy in which measures supporting growth will be combined with general government adjustment measures. Longer-term, Finland must address a rapidly aging population and decreasing productivity that threaten competitiveness, fiscal sustainability, and economic growth.

      GDP (purchasing power parity):

      $185.4 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 56 $181.6 billion (2009 est.)

      $197.6 billion (2008 est.)

      note: data are in 2010 US dollars

      GDP (official exchange rate):

      $232 billion (2010 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

      2.1% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 144 −8.1% (2009 est.)

      1% (2008 est.)

      GDP - per capita (PPP):

      $35,300 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 34 $34,600 (2009 est.)

      $37,700 (2008 est.)

      note: data are in 2010 US dollars

      GDP - composition by sector:

      agriculture: 2.6%

      industry: 29.1%

      services: 68.2% (2010 est.)

      Labor force:

      2.68 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 106

      Labor force - by occupation:

      agriculture and forestry: 4.5%

      industry: 18.2%

      construction: 7.3%

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