Risk Assessment. Georgi Popov
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Название: Risk Assessment
Автор: Georgi Popov
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
Жанр: Здоровье
isbn: 9781119755944
isbn:
Chapters 5, 6, 7, and 8 introduce the reader to fundamental risk assessment methods beginning with hazard identification and analysis methods such as job hazard analysis, what‐if analysis, preliminary hazard analysis (PHA), and fundamental risk assessment techniques such as failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA).
More specialized methods including Bow‐Tie Analysis, Layers of Controls Analysis, PtD tools and Design Safety Reviews, and Industrial Hygiene (IH) methods are presented in Chapters 9 through 12.
Chapter 13 targets machinery risks, while Chapter 14 provides methodologies of assessing project‐related risks such as construction, maintenance and other high‐risk activities. Chapter 15 provides a primer on HACCP and food safety risks, while Chapter 16 presents more advanced measures in assessing ergonomic risk factors. Chapter 17 provides a board approach to assessing risks at an organizational level.
The final three chapters provide the reader concepts and methods of incorporating risk assessment in environmental management systems (Chapter 18), the inclusion of business continuity aspects in the risk assessment process (Chapter 19), and Risk Communication (Chapter 20). In addition, ABET accreditation criteria state that graduates must demonstrate the application of business and risk management concepts. Therefore, Chapter 19, Business Continuity is devoted to supporting this criteria requirement.
For safety students who seek employment, being able to say that they have been indoctrinated in the subjects that are currently important to management is an advantage. For employed safety professionals, being able to demonstrate that they have taken the initiative to acquire the new knowledge and skills that emerging opportunities require gives the impression of serving management needs.
This practical guide serves both the student and the safety professional in developing foundations in risk assessment. It is the authors’ hope that this text will challenge the Occupational Safety and Health professional in becoming more competent and creative in their application of assessing, defining and managing operational risks.
1 Risk Assessments: Their Significance
Fred A. Manuele
Hazards Limited, Arlington Heights, IL, USA
OBJECTIVES
Inform on a relatively new international standard that requires making risk assessments and an updated American standard that includes similar requirements.
Establish that safety professionals will be expected to have the knowledge and skills to make and advice on risk assessments and to give counsel in the design and redesign processes.
Provide awareness of how risk assessments have been incorporated into selected standards and guidelines.
Enlighten on the activities initiated by the American Society of Safety Professionals on risk assessments.
Discuss risk assessment systems.
Advice on how to adopt risk assessment systems.
Overall, to establish that risk assessments have become more significant within a safety and health management system.
1.1 Introduction
In the first edition of this book, the purpose of the first chapter was to encourage safety professionals to recognize the trending throughout the world to include requirements for risk assessments in safety and health‐related standards and guidelines. Further, the position was taken that it was logical to expect that having the capability to make risk assessments would eventually become a requirement for the safety and health position.
To support the positions taken, 35 subjects were included in Addendum A, which was titled “A List of Standards, Guidelines, and Initiatives That Require or Promote Making Risk Assessments – Commencing With the 2005 Year.”
Since that list was prepared, the first international standard for occupational health and safety management systems was adopted by an entity with significant credentials – the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
This standard, adopted in 2018, is identified as ISO 45001: Occupational health and safety management systems – Requirements with guidance for use. It is commonly referred to as 45001.
In the same year, approval was given to this international standard by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) to become an American standard. Its designation is ANSI/ASSP/ISO 45001 – 2018, and the secretariat in the United States is the American Society of Safety Professionals (ASSP).
For safety professionals, there is now an international health and safety management systems standard and it requires that risk assessments be made.
Section 6.1.2,2 in 45001 (p. 13) is titled “Assessment of OH&S risks and other risks to the OH&S management system.” Its opening sentence and the beginning of item (a) are as follows:
The organization shall establish, implement, and maintain a process(es) to:
1 “assess OH&S risks from the identified hazards.”
In the previously mentioned Addendum A, item 34 was “ANSI/AIHA Z10‐2012: a standard for Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems.” This standard is now known as Z10. This, the second edition of Z10, also included a provision requiring that risk assessments be made.
A third version of Z10 was approved by the ANSI in August 2019. Since the ASSP is now the secretariat, the name of the standard was changed and is now known as “ANSI/ASSSP Z10.0 – 2019: Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems.”
Section 8.2 in the most recent version of Z10 (p. 17) is titled “Identification of Hazards.” Identification of hazards is necessary, first, in making a risk assessment. Section 8.3 (p. 18) is titled “Risk СКАЧАТЬ