Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Chris Binns

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">      12 12 Zvyagin, A.V., Zhao, X., Gierden, A. et al. (2008). Imaging of zinc oxide nanoparticle penetration in human skin in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Biomedical Optics 13: 064031.

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      14 14 Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2008/50/oj.

      15 15 Walton, A.J. (1983). Three Phases of Matter. Oxford: Clarendon Chapter 13.

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      19 19 Creamean, J.M., Cross, J.N., Pickart, R. et al. (2019). Ice nucleating particles carried from below a phytoplankton bloom to the arctic atmosphere. Geophysical Research Letters 46: 8572–8581. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083039.

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      26 26 Wang, C.B. and Zhang, W.X. (1997). Synthesising nanoscale iron particles for rapid and complete dichlorination of TCE and PCBs. Environmental Science and Technology 31: 2154–2156.

      27 27 Crane, R.A. and Scott, T.B. (2012). Nanoscale zero‐valent iron: future prospects for an emerging water treatment technology. Journal of Hazardous Materials 211–212: 112–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.073.

      28 28 Jabeen, H., Kemp, K.C., and Chandra, V. (2013). Synthesis of nano zerovalent iron nanoparticles – graphene composite for the treatment of lead contaminated water. Journal of Environmental Management 130: 429–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.022.

      29 29 Celik, G., Kennedy, R.M., Hackler, R.A. et al. (2019). Upcycling single‐use polyethylene into high‐quality liquid products. ACS Central Science 5: 1795–1803. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00722.

      30 30 Hedayati, A., Barnett, C.J., Swan, G., and White, A.O. (2019). Chemical recycling of consumer‐grade black plastic into electrically conductive carbon nanotubes. Journal of Carbon Research 5: 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/c5020032.

      31 31 Luong, D.X., Bets, K.V., Algozeeb, W.A. et al. (2020). Gram‐scale bottom‐up flash graphene synthesis. Nature 577: 647–651. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586‐020‐1938‐0.

      Notes

      1 1 Ocean bed hydrothermal vents are fissures on the sea floor from which geologically heated water erupts into the surrounding cold water. They are mineral‐rich and support various deep‐sea creatures.

      2 2 Supernovae are massive stellar explosion that occurs at the end of the life of massive stars. After the star exhausts its supply of hydrogen it collapses under gravity and, if it is above a critical mass (several times that of our sun), the resulting implosion at the core produces a thermonuclear explosion, which for a period of weeks can produce billions of times more power than a normal star.

      3 3 More precisely it is released when plankton of the animal kind (zooplankton) eat plankton of the plant kind (phytoplankton).

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