The Greatest Empires & Civilizations of the Ancient East: Egypt, Babylon, The Kings of Israel and Judah, Assyria, Media, Chaldea, Persia, Parthia & Sasanian Empire. George Rawlinson
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СКАЧАТЬ of power and the only basis of national repute, the Phoenicians succeeded in proving that as much could be done by arts as by arms, as great glory and reputation gained, as real a power built up, by the quiet agencies of exploration, trade, and commerce, as by the violent and brutal methods of war, massacre, and ravage. They were the first to set this example. If the history of the world since their time has not been wholly one of the potency in human affairs of “blood and iron,” it is very much owing to them. They, and their kinsmen of Carthage, showed mankind what a power might be wielded by commercial states. The lesson has not been altogether neglected in the past. May the writer be pardoned if, in the last words of what is probably his last historical work, he expresses a hope that, in the future, the nations of the earth will more and more take the lesson to heart, and vie with each other in the arts which made Phoenicia great, rather than in those which exalted Rome, her oppressor and destroyer?

      FOOTNOTES

      PREFACE

      01 [ Die Phönizier, und das phönizische Alterthum, by F. C. Movers, in five volumes, Berlin, 1841-1856.]

      02 [ History and Antiquities of Phoenicia, by John Kenrick, London, 1855.]

      03 [ Histoire de l’Art dans l’Antiquité, par MM. Perrot et Chipiez, Paris, 1881-7, 4 vols.]

      04 [ Will of William Camden, Clarencieux King-of-Arms, founder of the “Camden Professorship,” 1662.]

      11 [ See Eckhel, Doctr. Num. Vet. p. 441.]

      12 [ Η τον ‘Αραδιον παραλία, xvi. 2, § 12.]

      13 [ Pomp. Mel. De Situ Orbis, i. 12.]

      14 [ The tract of white sand (Er-Ramleh) which forms the coast-line of the entire shore from Rhinocolura to Carmel is said to be gradually encroaching, fresh sand being continually brought by the south-west wind from Egypt. “It has buried Ascalon, and in the north, between Joppa and Cæsaræa, the dunes are said to be as much as three miles wide and 300 feet high” (Grove, in Smith’s Dict. of the Bible, ii. 673).]

      15 [ See Cant. ii. 1; Is. xxxiii. 9; xxxv. 2; lxv. 10.]

      16 [ Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, p. 254.]

      17 [ The Kaneh derives its name from this circumstance, and may be called “the River of Canes.”]

      18 [ Robinson, Biblical Researches, iii. 28, 29.]

      19 [ Grove, l.s.c.]

      110 [ Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, p. 260.]

      111 [ Lynch found it eighteen yards in width in April 1848 (The Jordan and the Dead Sea, p. 64). He found the Belus twice as wide and twice as deep as the Kishon.]

      112 [ A more particular description of these fountains will be given in the description of the city of Tyre, with which they were very closely connected.]

      113 [ Robinson, Biblical Researches, iii. 410.]

      114 [ Robinson, iii. 415.]

      115 [ Ibid. p. 414. Compare Renan, Mission de Phénicie, pp. 524, 665.]

      116 [ Robinson, iii. 420.]

      117 [ Renan, Mission de Phénicie, p. 353.]

      118 [ See Edrisi (traduction de Joubert), i. 355; D’Arvieux, Mémoires, ii. 33; Renan, pp. 352, 353.]

      119 [ Gesenius, Thesaurus, p. 247.]

      120 [ Renan, pp. 59, 60.]

      121 [ Kenrick (Phoenicia, p. 8), who quotes Burckhardt (Syria, p. 161), and Chesney (Euphrates Expedition, i. 450).]

      122 [ Renan, p. 59:—“C’est un immense tapis de fleurs.”]

      123 [ Mariti, Travels, ii. 131 (quoted by Kenrick, p. 22).]

      СКАЧАТЬ