The Science of Reading. Группа авторов
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Название: The Science of Reading
Автор: Группа авторов
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
Жанр: Языкознание
isbn: 9781119705130
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Figure 4.6 Brain regions involved in language processing, illustrating the dorsal pathway, connecting the phonology‐related brain areas, and the ventral pathway, connecting the meaning‐related brain areas. The pathways are bidirectional, combining bottom‐up and top‐down information streams.aFG = anterior fusiform gyrus, AG = angular gyrus, aSTG = anterior superior temporal gyrus, IFG = inferior frontal gyrus (also called Broca’s area), MFG = middle frontal gyrus, mSTG = middle superior temporal gyrus (includes the primary auditory cortex), PCA = precentral area, pFG = posterior fusiform gyrus, pSTG = posterior superior temporal gyrus (also called Wernicke’s area), SMG = supramarginal gyrus, SPL = superior parietal lobule.
For some time, researchers defended extreme positions about the contribution of phonology to visual word recognition: Either it was not involved at all, or phonological recoding was an essential step in visual word recognition. At present, it is widely accepted that orthographic and phonological information jointly contribute to visual word recognition and that this is achieved through rapid interactions between different forms of coding information in the brain. I discussed three computational models of how this can be realised (the DRC model, the CDP+ model, and the Triangle model). The hypothesis of two pathways in written word recognition with multiple interactions between orthographic, phonological and semantic codes also provides fruitful insights for the understanding of brain activity in visual word recognition (Figures 4.5 and 4.6).
In summary, it is clear from the evidence reviewed in this chapter, that visual language processing cannot be understood properly without taking phonology into account.
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